Calderas and mineralization: volcanic geology and mineralization in the Chianti caldera complex, Trans-Pecos Texas
This report describes preliminary results of an ongoing study of the volcanic stratigraphy, caldera activity, and known and potential mineralization of the Chinati Mountains area of Trans-Pecos Texas. Many ore deposits are spatially associated with calderas and other volcanic centers. A genetic relationship between calderas and base and precious metal mineralization has been proposed by some and denied by others. Steven and others have demonstrated that calderas provide an important setting for mineralization in the San Juan volcanic field of Colorado. Mineralization is not found in all calderas but is apparently restricted to calderas that had complex, postsubsidence igneous activity. A comparison of volcanic setting, volcanic history, caldera evolution, and evidence of mineralization in Trans-Pecos to those of the San Juan volcanic field, a major mineral producer, indicates that Trans-Pecos Texas also could be an important mineralized region. The Chianti caldera complex in Trans-Pecos Texas contains at least two calderas that have had considerable postsubsidence activity and that display large areas of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization. Abundant prospects in Trans-Pecos and numerous producing mines immediately south of the Trans-Pecos volcanic field in Mexico are additional evidence that ore-grade deposits could occur in Texas.
- Research Organization:
- Bendix Field Engineering Corp., Grand Junction, CO (United States); Texas Univ., Austin (USA). Bureau of Economic Geology
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC13-76GJ01664
- OSTI ID:
- 5305369
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/GJ/01664-T3; ON: DE82013263
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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