Studies of Mn valence conversion and oxygen vacancies in La{sub 1{minus}x}Ca{sub x}MnO{sub 3{minus}y} using electron energy-loss spectroscopy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245 (United States)
- Advanced Technology Materials, Inc., Danbury, Connecticut 06810 (United States)
Using the white line intensities, electron energy-loss spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope has been employed to characterize the valence conversion and oxygen vacancies in La{sub 1{minus}x}Ca{sub x}MnO{sub 3{minus}y}. For a nominal doping composition x=0.33, the ratio of Mn{sup 4+} to Mn{sup 3+} is determined to be more than 0.25 but less than 0.5, and the content of oxygen vacancy y is no more than 0.065 (equivalent to 2.2 at.{percent} of the oxygen content). At y{sub max}=0.065, 60{percent} of the residual charge introduced by Ca doping is balanced by the conversion of Mn{sup 3+}to Mn{sup 4+} and 40{percent} by oxygen vacancy. {copyright} {ital 1997 American Institute of Physics.}
- OSTI ID:
- 529993
- Journal Information:
- Applied Physics Letters, Journal Name: Applied Physics Letters Journal Issue: 25 Vol. 70; ISSN APPLAB; ISSN 0003-6951
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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