A field investigation of sulfate fluxes to a deciduous forest

Journal Article · Wed Sep 20 04:00:00 EDT 1989 · Journal of Geophysical Research; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/JD094iD10p13003· OSTI ID:5293279

Hicks, B B; Matt, D R; McMillen, R T; Womack, J D ^[1]; Wesely, M L; Hart, R L; Cook, D R ^[2]; Lindberg, S E ^[3]; de Pena, R G; Thomson, D W ^[4]; others, and

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1. Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (US)
2. Biological, Environmental, and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
3. Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
4. Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park,

An intensive investigation of particulate sulfur fluxes to a deciduous forest was conducted at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, during May 1983, as part of a multilaboratory program to study the dry deposition of airborne trace gases and aerosols to vegetated surfaces. At this time, the leaf area was approximately 50% of the maximum and was rapidly increasing. Eddy correlation methods were used to measure fluxes of submicron particulate sulfur (presumably sulfate), of submicron particles in three different size ranges, and of ozone above the forest canopy. The measured deposition velocities (v{sub d}) of particulate sulfur peaked at about 1 cm s{sup {minus}1} in daytime, but dropped to near zero at night, with a long-term average of about 0.6 cm s{sup {minus}1}. When scaled with friction velocity, these values of v{sub d} are consistent with similar measurements taken previously over different surfaces. Measurements and analyses indicate that the flux divergence of particulate sulfur should have caused an error no greater than {plus minus}0.05 cm s{sup {minus}1} in v{sub d} estimates. For very small particles (less than 0.1 {mu}m diameter), measured values of v{sub d} were similar to those for particulate sulfate, but deposition velocities for particles in the accumulation size range decreased as particle size increased, and upward components of fluxes were found in daytime convective conditions. During this study, measurements were also made of sulfur deposition to polycarbonate petrie dishes placed in the forest canopy, and to the bucket of a standard wet-dry collector in a forest clearing. These surrogate surface studies produced much smaller values of v{sub d} for sulfate than those derived from eddy correlation, when no scaling as a function of leaf area relative to ground area was applied. {copyright} American Geophysical Union 1989

• OSTI ID: 5293279
• Journal Information: Journal of Geophysical Research; (USA), Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research; (USA) Vol. 94:D10; ISSN 0148-0227; ISSN JGREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS
CANOPIES
CHEMISTRY
COLLOIDS
DECIDUOUS TREES
DISPERSIONS
FEDERAL REGION IV
FIELD TESTS
FORESTS
NORTH AMERICA
OAK RIDGE
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
PLANTS
POLLUTION
SOLS
SULFATES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TENNESSEE
TESTING
TREES
USA