Mixing effects in aqueous solutions at elevated temperatures
With few exceptions, the systematics and predictions of mixing effects in the thermodynamics of aqueous electrolyte solutions are not well established, particularly at high temperatures. The most useful general method for studying the excess Gibbs energy of mixed electrolyte solutions is the isopiestic technique but some calorimetric methods have desirable advantages provided suitable reference data are available. Currently, the most useful description of mixed electrolyte systems is the ion-interaction treatment of Pitzer. Relationships between various models used for mixtures and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Mixing contributions have their largest effect for equimolar mixtures in the case of the osmotic coefficient and for trace components in the case of activity coefficients. Various types of behavior are illustrated with examples primarily from high-temperature isopiestic studies at ORNL. 42 refs., 4 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-84OR21400
- OSTI ID:
- 5275684
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9108114-2; ON: DE91017695
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 2. international symposium on chemistry in high temperature water, Provo, UT (United States), 19-22 Aug 1991
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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CALCIUM CHLORIDES
CALORIMETRY
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400201* - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
360603 - Materials- Properties