Solvent-refined-coal (SRC) process: trace elements. Research and development report No. 53. Volume III. Pilot plant development work. Part 6. The fate of trace elements in the SRC process. Final report. [Fate of trace elements; process material balance]

Technical Report · Thu Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1982

OSTI ID:5275312

Filby, R H; Grimm, C A; Ekambaram, V; Hunt, M L

The initial efforts concentrated on the development of appropriate analytical procedures for thirty-nine elements. Sensitive neutron activation procedures were developed for Ti, V, Ca, Mg, Al, Cl, Mn, As, Sb, Se, Hg, Br, Co, Ni, Cr, Fe, Na, Rb, Cs, K, Sc, Tb, Eu, Sm, Ce, La, Sr, Ba, Th, Hf, Ta, Ga, Zr, and Cu in feed coals, process solvent, SRC solid and liquid products, mineral residues, filter cake, by-product solvents, process and effluent waters, and by-product sulfur. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric procedures were developed for Pb, Cd and Be in various plant-derived streams and materials including process and effluent waters. This study of the SRC-I process concluded that the bulk of the trace elements in the coal feed appear to concentrate in the mineral residue with two exceptions; bromine and titanium appear to concentrate in the SRC-I solid product. High mercury, selenium and arsenic levels in the process water were effectively reduced by the treatment process to essentially natural levels. The treatment and dilution process was effective for the removal of other trace elements from the process water. Study of the SRC-II process found that the vacuum bottoms was the major sink for all trace elements studied with the exception of mercury. Much lower trace element concentrations were found in the SRC-II liquid product relative to the vacuum bottoms or the feed coal, irrespective of coal type. Mercury, and to a lesser degree arsenic, selenium and antimony, exhibited volatile behavior in the SRC-II process but the degree of volatility was strongly dependent on conditions or coal type. Process waters contained higher concentrations of mercury, selenium, arsenic and antimony; however, the treated SRC-II effluent waters met all appropriate standards including drinking water criteria.

• Research Organization: Pittsburg and Midway Coal Mining Co., Englewood, CO (USA); Washington State Univ., Pullman (USA). Nuclear Radiation Center
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76ET10104
• OSTI ID: 5275312
• Report Number(s): DOE/ET/10104-52; ON: DE82013523
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
ALUMINIUM
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
ANTIMONY
VOLATILITY
ARSENIC
BARIUM
BERYLLIUM
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
BROMINE
SEPARATION PROCESSES
BY-PRODUCTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
MATERIAL BALANCE
CADMIUM
CALCIUM
CERIUM
CESIUM
CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS
CHLORINE
CHROMIUM
COAL
COAL LIQUIDS
COBALT
COPPER
EUROPIUM
GALLIUM
HAFNIUM
IRON
LANTHANUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MANGANESE
MERCURY
NICKEL
ORGANIC SOLVENTS
POTASSIUM
RESIDUES
RUBIDIUM
SAMARIUM
SCANDIUM
SELENIUM
SODIUM
SOLVENT-REFINED COAL
SRC PROCESS
SRC-II PROCESS
STRONTIUM
SULFUR
TANTALUM
TERBIUM
THORIUM
TITANIUM
VANADIUM
WASTE WATER
ZIRCONIUM
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL STATE
COAL LIQUEFACTION
ELEMENTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
TRACE AMOUNTS
WATER TREATMENT
YIELDS
ACTINIDES
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
DATA
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HALOGENS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
LIQUEFACTION
LIQUID WASTES
LIQUIDS
MATERIALS
METALS
NONMETALS
NUMERICAL DATA
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RARE EARTHS
SEMIMETALS
SOLVENTS
SPECTROSCOPY
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTES
WATER
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction