Zinc electrodeposition and dendritic growth from zinc-halide electrolytes. Final report
Roughness evolution and dendritic growth restrict the thickness of electroplated zinc during the charge of zinc/halogen batteries and thereby impose operating and economic limitations on their application. Although technologically important, there has so far been little fundamental understanding of dendritic growth and, in the absence of an adequate theory, the phenomenon has been treated mostly empirically. A systematic theoretical and experimental study quantitatively characterizing roughness and dendrite evolution on zinc electrodes is reported here. Comprehensive models were theoretically derived accounting for the initiation and for the propagation rates of dendrites in terms of system parameters including the current, applied potential, reaction kinetics, surface energy, macroscopic and microscopic geometry and convective flow. Morphological stability criteria were applied to define conditions under which electrodes are expected to remain smooth. The macroscopic current and potential distribution in flow cells were calculated and then coupled with analytical models for dendritic growth to provide the growth history and distribution of roughness elements along extended electrodes. Experimental studies of roughness evolution in electrodeposition under well-defined conditions were performed together with kinetic and transport measurements. Careful experimental measurementsand a theoretical study of the impedance of electrodes undergoing electrodeposition were conducted also. Good agreement was observed between the experimental dendritic growth measurements and theoretical predictions.
- Research Organization:
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Illinois Inst. of Tech., Chicago (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
- OSTI ID:
- 5272994
- Report Number(s):
- EPRI-EM-2393; ON: DE82905357
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions of document are illegible
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Dendrite-free Al recycling via electrodeposition using ionic liquid electrolytes: The effects of deposition temperature and cathode surface roughness
Studies of micromorphology and current efficiency of zinc electrodeposited from flowing chloride electrolytes
Related Subjects
ZINC
DENDRITES
ELECTRODEPOSITION
ZINC-BROMINE BATTERIES
ELECTRICAL FAULTS
ZINC-CHLORINE BATTERIES
ANALYTICAL SOLUTION
BATTERY CHARGING
CRYSTAL GROWTH
DEPOSITION
ELECTRIC CURRENTS
ELECTRIC IMPEDANCE
ELECTRODES
ELECTROLYTES
HALIDES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
OVERVOLTAGE
PERFORMANCE
ROUGHNESS
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
ZINC BROMIDES
ZINC CHLORIDES
ZINC COMPOUNDS
BROMIDES
BROMINE COMPOUNDS
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CRYSTALS
CURRENTS
DISTRIBUTION
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTROLYSIS
ELEMENTS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
IMPEDANCE
LYSIS
METAL-GAS BATTERIES
METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES
METALS
SURFACE COATING
SURFACE PROPERTIES
ZINC HALIDES
250901* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Design & Development