Exploratory research on mutagenic activity of coal-related materials. Final report, June 1, 1980-November 30, 1981. [52 references]
Samples ETTM-05, ETTM-12, ETTM-18, ETTM-19, ETTM-20, ETTM-21, and ETTM-22 were tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100. None of the samples tested were mutagenic when Aroclor 1254-induced S9 was not incorporated into the test system. Samples ETTM-05 and ETTM-12 (powdered coal) have been found to be marginally mutagenic. Organic solvent fractions prepared from these have also been shown to be slightly mutagenic. ETTM-18 was found to be mutagenic for strains TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100 when assayed with Aroclor-induced S9. A highly active methylene chloride component was noted upon fractionation of ETTM-18. ETTM-19, ETTM-20, and ETTM-22 were all marginally mutagenic. ETTM-21 was apparently not mutagenic. The greatest difficulty in the evaluation of data from in vitro assays is in the extrapolation to the human situation. Although in two studies, approximately 90% of known carcinogens were mutagenic for Salmonella, sufficient correlative data do not exist to suggest that a positive response in this assay predicts carcinogenicity or a potential mutagenic hazard for humans. This, however, does not detract from its applicability as a screen for identifying agents for further study. As a screen this assay offers several advantages: it has been used in more comparative studies than other microbial tests; it is less expensive and easier to undertake than the mammalian cell transformation assays which offer a high degree of positive response/known carcinogen correlation; results are obtained in 24 to 48 hours; and results are more simple and less time consuming to score than with chromosome aberration or sister chromatid exchange.
- Research Organization:
- Cincinnati Univ., OH (USA). Coll. of Medicine
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC22-78ET00222
- OSTI ID:
- 5270237
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ET/00222-9; ON: DE82012280
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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AROMATICS
BACTERIA
BIOASSAY
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARCINOGENESIS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
COAL
COAL GASIFICATION PLANTS
COAL LIQUEFACTION PLANTS
COAL LIQUIDS
COAL TAR
COKING PLANTS
DATA
DMSO
EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
ENERGY SOURCES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
EXTRACTION
FLUIDS
FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
FOSSIL FUELS
FRACTIONATION
FUELS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HYDROCARBONS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
INFORMATION
LIQUID COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
LIQUIDS
MATERIALS
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SALMONELLA
SCREENING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SPECTROSCOPY
SULFOXIDES
TAR