Heavy metal extractability in long-term sewage sludge and metal salt-amended soils

Journal Article · · Journal of Environmental Quality; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1991.00472425002000020023x· OSTI ID:5230966

Bell, P F ^[1]; James, B R ^[2]; Chaney, R L ^[3]

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1. Univ. of California, Riverside (USA)
2. Univ. of Maryland, College Park (USA)
3. USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD (USA)

To determine the long-term changes in forms of Cd added to a soil, Cd and other heavy metals were extracted with several solutions from a Christiana fine sandy loam Ap horizon 8 or 9 yr after application of sewage sludge of CdCl{sub 2}. Cadmium was applied at the rate of 21 kg ha{sup {minus}1} either as a component of sewage sludge or as CdCl{sub 2} in 1978 and 1979, respectively. In 1987, the distribution of Cd and other metals among soil fractions was operationally defined using selective dissolution and total metal analyses techniques. The percentages of total soil Zn, Mn, and Fe extracted by DTPA and Ca(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} from the sludge or salt-amended soils were much less (<4%) than the percentages for Cd (47-60%), indicating greater potential mobility for Cd than for the other metals, regardless of the form of Cd added originally. A larger percentage of total soil Cd was extracted with the paracrystalline iron oxide fraction of the sludge-amended soil (35%) than in the salt-amended soil (23%). Compared to the sludge-amended soil, the salt-amended soil had a higher percentage of Cd in the soluble and exchangeable fractions (60 vs. 47%) and nearly equal percentages in the residual fraction (15%), suggesting, at the same total soil Cd concentration (5 mg kg{sup {minus}1} in 1987), plant-available Cd would be greater from the salt-amended soil.

• OSTI ID: 5230966
• Journal Information: Journal of Environmental Quality; (United States), Journal Name: Journal of Environmental Quality; (United States) Vol. 20:2; ISSN JEVQA; ISSN 0047-2425
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540220* -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring &amp; Transport-- (1990-)
BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
CADMIUM
CADMIUM CHLORIDES
CADMIUM COMPOUNDS
CADMIUM HALIDES
CHEMISTRY
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
DISSOLUTION
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
GROUND DISPOSAL
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
IRON
MANAGEMENT
MANGANESE
MASS TRANSFER
MATERIALS
MATTER
METALS
ORGANIC MATTER
SEWAGE
SEWAGE SLUDGE
SLUDGES
SOIL CHEMISTRY
SOILS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTES
ZINC