Toxicity of selected organic chemicals to the earthworm Eisenia fetida
Journal Article
·
· J. Environ. Qual.; (United States)
OSTI ID:5216651
A number of methods recently have been developed to biologically evaluate the impact of man's activities on soil ecosystems. Two test methods, the 2-d contact test and the 14-d artificial soil test, were used to evaluate the impact of six major classes of organic chemicals on the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny). Of the organic chemicals tested, phenols and amines were the most toxic to the worms, followed in descending order of toxicity by the substituted aromatics, halogenated aliphatics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and phthalates. No relationship was found between earthworm toxicity as determined by the contact test and rat, Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout and mouse, Mus musculus L. LD/sub 50/ values. The physicochemical parameters of water solubility, vapor pressure, and octanol/water partition coefficient for the chemicals tested in the contact test did not show a significant relationship to the E. fetida LC/sub 50/ values. These studies indicate that: (i) earthworms can be a suitable biomonitoring tool to assist in measuring the impact of organic chemicals in wastes added to soils and (ii) contact and artificial soil tests can be useful in measuring biological impacts.
- Research Organization:
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY
- OSTI ID:
- 5216651
- Journal Information:
- J. Environ. Qual.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Environ. Qual.; (United States) Vol. 14:3; ISSN JEVQA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560304* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Invertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AMINES
ANIMALS
ANNELIDS
AROMATICS
BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DATA
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
INVERTEBRATES
LAND POLLUTION
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PHTHALATES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POLLUTION
SENSITIVITY
TOXICITY
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AMINES
ANIMALS
ANNELIDS
AROMATICS
BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DATA
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
INVERTEBRATES
LAND POLLUTION
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PHTHALATES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POLLUTION
SENSITIVITY
TOXICITY