Reviews of the environmental effects of pollutants. IX. Fluoride
Technical Report
·
OSTI ID:5193908
This study is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary review of the health and environmental effects of fluoride on microorganisms, plants, wild and domestic animals, and humans. More than 1000 references are cited. Human intake of fluoride is chiefly through the diet; drinking water is normally the largest single source. Low concentrations of fluoride in water (approximately 1 ppM) benefit mammalian systems, making bone and tooth apatite less soluble, but long-term ingestion of water containing more than 8 ppM fluoride causes fluorosis in humans. Fluoride salts are lethal to humans when ingested in doses of about 3 g or more. At concentrations normally encountered by the general public, fluoride is not teratogenic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic to humans, but chronic fluoride toxicosis of both livestock and wildlife is an important problem in many areas of the United States. The principal manifestations of chronic fluoride toxicosis in livestock are dental fluorosis, osteofluorosis, lameness, and impaired performance. Among domestic animals, dairy cattle are the most sensitive to excessive fluoride exposure.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- OSTI ID:
- 5193908
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL/EIS-85; EPA-600/1-78-050
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Air quality standards for the protection of farm animals from fluorides
Industrial fluoride pollution: chronic fluoride poisoning in Cornwall Island cattle
Effects of alternating periods of high- and low- fluoride ingestion on dairy cattle
Journal Article
·
Mon Mar 31 23:00:00 EST 1969
· J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States)
·
OSTI ID:5964697
Industrial fluoride pollution: chronic fluoride poisoning in Cornwall Island cattle
Journal Article
·
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·
OSTI ID:6289800
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Journal Article
·
Fri Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1971
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·
OSTI ID:6303716
Related Subjects
500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510200 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
520200 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DOCUMENT TYPES
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
FLUORIDES
FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
MASS TRANSFER
METABOLISM
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
REVIEWS
TOXICITY
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510200 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
520200 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DOCUMENT TYPES
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
FLUORIDES
FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
MASS TRANSFER
METABOLISM
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
REVIEWS
TOXICITY