Field experience with aquifer thermal energy storage
Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) has the potential to provide storage for large-scale building heating and cooling at many sites in the US. However, implementation requires careful attention to site geohydraulic and geochemical characteristics. Field tests in the US have shown the over 60% of the heat injected at temperatures over 100)degree)C can be recovered on a seasonal cycle. Similarly, aquifer storage of shilled ground water can provide building cooling with annual cooling electrical energy reductions of over 50% and a reduction in summer peak cooling electrical usage by as much as a factor of 20. A number of projects have been built and operated around the world. China has installed numerous ATES systems in many major cities. Installations in QEurope and Scandinavia are almost exclusicely low-temperature heat storage systems that use heat pumps. Two high-temperature systems (over 100)degree)C are in operation or undergoing preliminary testing: one in Denmark, the other in France. Heat ATES often requires water treatment to prevent precipitation of calcium and magnesium carbonates. At some sites, consideration of other geochemical and microbiological issues (such as iron bacteria) must be resolved. 7 refs.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 5193652
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-SA-15449; CONF-880212-6; ON: DE88007075
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 15. annual energy technology conference and exposition, Washington, DC, USA, 17 Feb 1988
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
COOLING SYSTEMS
THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE EQUIPMENT
SPACE HEATING
DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
AQUIFERS
BUILDINGS
INJECTION WELLS
WATER CHEMISTRY
CHEMISTRY
ENERGY SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
HEATING
WELLS
250600* - Energy Storage- Thermal
320106 - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Building Equipment- (1987-)