Cogeneration technology alternatives study (CTAS) United Technologies Corporation final report. Volume IV. Heat sources, balance of plant and auxiliary systems

Technical Report · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1980

OSTI ID:5190822

The Cogeneration Technology Alternatives Study (CTAS) provides data and information in the area of advanced energy conversion systems for industrial cogeneration application in the 1985 to 2000 time period. Six current and thirty-one advanced energy conversion systems were defined and combined with appropriate balance-of-plant equipment. Twenty-six industrial processes were selected from among the high energy consuming industries to serve as a frame work for the study. Each conversion system was analyzed as a cogenerator with each industrial plant. Fuel consumption, costs, and environmental instrusion were evaluated and compared to corresponding traditional values. Various cogeneration strategies were analyzed and both topping and bottoming (using industrial by-product heat) applications were included. The advanced energy conversion technologies indicated reduced fuel consumption, costs, and emissions. Typically fuel energy savings of 10 to 25 percent were predicted compared to traditional on-site furnaces and utility electricity. With the variety of industrial requirements, each advanced technology had attractive applications. Overall, fuel cells indicated the greatest fuel energy savings and emission reductions. Gas turbines and combined cycles indicted high overall annual cost savings. Steam turbines and gas turbines produced high estimated returns. In some applications, diesels were most efficient. The advanced technologies used coal-derived fuels, or coal with advanced fluid bed combustion or on-site gasification systems. This volume presents heat source, balance-of-plant, and plant design information developed by Bechtel National, Incorporated; heat storage data developed by Rocket Research Company; and heat pump information developed by Power Systems Division United Technologies with the advice of Westinghouse Electric Company.

• Research Organization: United Technologies Corp., South Windsor, CT (USA). Power Systems Div.
• DOE Contract Number: AI21-77ET13111
• OSTI ID: 5190822
• Report Number(s): DOE/NASA/0030-80/4; NASA-CR-159762-Vol.4; UTC-FCR-1333-Vol.4; ON: DE84009069
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
200102* -- Fossil-Fueled Power Plants-- Power Cycles
200105 -- Fossil-Fueled Power Plants-- Heat Utilization
200106 -- Fossil-Fueled Power Plants-- Economics
30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION
300401 -- Thermionic Converters-- Design & Development
300501 -- Fuel Cells-- Design & Development
AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
CAPITALIZED COST
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
COAL
COAL GASIFICATION
COGENERATION
COMBINED-CYCLE POWER PLANTS
COMBUSTORS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONTROL SYSTEMS
COST
DESIGN
DEUS
DIAGRAMS
DIESEL ENGINES
DIRECT ENERGY CONVERTERS
DISTILLATES
DUAL-PURPOSE POWER PLANTS
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENERGY SOURCES
ENERGY STORAGE
ENERGY SYSTEMS
ENGINES
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTORS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL CELLS
FUEL CONSUMPTION
FUEL OILS
FUELS
GAS GENERATORS
GAS TURBINES
GASIFICATION
HEAT ENGINES
HEAT PUMPS
HEAT SOURCES
HEAT STORAGE
HEATING OILS
HOT GAS CLEANUP
INDUSTRY
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
LIQUID FUELS
MACHINERY
MATERIALS
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES
PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM RESIDUES
POWER GENERATION
POWER PLANTS
PURIFICATION
STEAM GENERATION
STEAM TURBINES
STIRLING ENGINES
STORAGE
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
THERMIONIC CONVERTERS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TURBINES
TURBOMACHINERY
WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION