Cadmium accumulations and bioavailability in soils from long-term phosphorus fertilization

Journal Article · Tue Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1980 · J. Environ. Qual.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1980.00472425000900030016x· OSTI ID:5158735

Mulla, D J; Page, A L; Ganje, T J

Soils from citrus groves that had been fertilized with the equivalent of approximately 175 kg P/ha per year (as treble superphosphate (TSP)) over a 36-year period were sampled and analyzed for total P, Cd, and Zn as well as water-soluble P and Cd. A P fertilization rate of 175 kg/ha is much higher than normal field rates, which are typically about 30 kg/ha. Concentrations of total Cd in surface soil were highly correlated (r = 0.89) with concentrations of total P. The concentrations of Cd in surface soil receiving broadcast P for 36 years averaged 1.0 ..mu..g/g, and were considerably greater than those of the controls, which showed a mean concentration of 0.07 ..mu..g/g. Phosphorus in soil saturation paste extracts ranged from 0.10 ..mu..g/ml (controls) to 8.87 ..mu..g/ml in P fertilized soils. Water-soluble saturation extract Cd ranged from 0.008 ..mu..g/ml in controls to 0.017 ..mu..g/ml in fertilized soils, and was not well correlated with water-soluble P. Cadmium levels in barley (Hordeum vulgare var. U.C. 566) grain and leaves grown in the field on soil subject to long-term heavy P fertilization were not elevated above levels in barley grown on the control soil. Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) was grown in the greenhouse on the above surface soils collected from the field. Although Cd levels averaging 1.6 ..mu..g/g in plant tissue were significantly elevated over those on the control soil (0.26 ..mu..g/gm), no yield depression was observed.

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, Riverside
• OSTI ID: 5158735
• Journal Information: J. Environ. Qual.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Environ. Qual.; (United States) Vol. 9:3; ISSN JEVQA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

510200* -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560303 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Plants-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BARLEY
BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION
CADMIUM
CEREALS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONTAMINATION
CROPS
ELEMENTS
FERTILIZATION
FERTILIZERS
FOOD
GRAMINEAE
GRASS
METALS
NONMETALS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHATES
PHOSPHORUS
PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
PLANTS
SEWAGE
SEWAGE SLUDGE
SOILS
SUPERPHOSPHATES
TIME DEPENDENCE
TRACE AMOUNTS
VEGETABLES
WASTES