High-performance batteries for stationary energy storage and electric-vehicle propulsion. Progress report, July--September 1977. [ANL]

Technical Report · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1978

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/5156779· OSTI ID:5156779

Research activities on lithium/metal sulfide batteries during the period July to September 1977 are described. These batteries are being developed for electric-vehicle propulsion and stationary energy storage. The present cells, which operate at 400 to 500/sup 0/C, are of a vertically oriented, prismatic design with a central positive electrode of FeS or FeS/sub 2/, two facing negative electrodes of lithium--aluminum alloy, and an electrolyte of molten LiCl--KCl. The ultimate goal of this work is competitive, self-sustaining industry for the commercial production of lithium/metal sulfide batteries. Technology transfer is being implemented by several means. Tests provide information on the effects of design modifications and alternative materials for cells. Plans were laid for the construction of a 100-cell test facility, and a prototype 100-A cell/battery cycler was designed and built. Improved electrode and cell designs are being developed and tested. Among the concepts receiving attention are carbon-bonded positive electrodes, pellet-grid electrodes, alternative materials for positive electrodes, additives to extend electrode lifetime, and alternative electrode separators. Materials development efforts include the development of improved electrical feedthroughs, investigations of various types of electrode separators, corrosion and wettability studies of materials, and post-test examinations of cells. Cell chemistry studies are concerned with phases formed in FeS/sub 2/ electrodes, sulfur vaporization rates for FeS/sub 2/ and NiS/sub 2/, and cyclic voltammetry measurements of metal sulfide electrodes. Titanium disulfide positive electrodes as well as liquid lithium negative electrodes are also being investigated. The use of calcium and magnesium alloys for the negative electrode is being investigated. 16 figures, 13 tables.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Lab., Ill. (USA); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
• DOE Contract Number: W-31109-ENG-38
• OSTI ID: 5156779
• Report Number(s): ANL-77-75
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
250901* -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Design & Development
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALLOYS
ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
ANL
CALCIUM ALLOYS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CONDUCTOR DEVICES
CONNECTORS
CORROSION
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTRIC-POWERED VEHICLES
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ENERGY STORAGE
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HIGH TEMPERATURE
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON SULFIDES
LITHIUM ALLOYS
LITHIUM CHLORIDES
LITHIUM COMPOUNDS
LITHIUM HALIDES
LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES
MAGNESIUM ALLOYS
MATERIALS TESTING
METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES
MINERALS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
NICKEL SULFIDES
OFF-PEAK ENERGY STORAGE
ORES
POTASSIUM CHLORIDES
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
PYRITE
PYRITES
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
STORAGE
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR ORES
TESTING
TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
TITANIUM SULFIDES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
US AEC
US ERDA
US ORGANIZATIONS
VEHICLES