Chemical processing of PbTiO sub 3 by co-precipitation and sol-gel methods: The role of powder and gel characteristics on crystallization behavior

Technical Report · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1989

OSTI ID:5118350

Schwartz, R W

This thesis reports on the preparation of PbTiO{sub 3} materials by two chemical methods: (i) aqueous co-precipitation and (ii) organo-metallic sol-gel processing. The effects of chemical processing conditions on material properties were determined. Particular attention was paid to the evolution of structure on heat treatment, and crystallization. Materials prepared by the two chemical methods were amorphous in the as-prepared state, but transformed to the stable perovskite structure on heat treatment. Crystallization kinetics for the chemically prepared materials were compared with another type of amorphous PbTiO{sub 3} which was prepared by rapid solidification. This comparison led to the identification of material parameters which aided in crystallization. Methods used to study the evolution of properties and crystallization behavior for the prepared materials, included: (i) Thermal Gravimetric Analysis; (ii) Helium Pycnometry; (iii) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR); (iv) Non-Isothermal Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC); (v) X-Ray Diffraction; and (vi) Electron Microscopy.

• Research Organization: Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL (USA)
• Sponsoring Organization: DOE/ER; NSF
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-76ER01198
• OSTI ID: 5118350
• Report Number(s): DOE/ER/01198-T40; CNN: CDR 85-22666
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
360201* -- Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories-- Preparation & Fabrication
360202 -- Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories-- Structure & Phase Studies
360204 -- Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories-- Physical Properties
ALKOXIDES
AMORPHOUS STATE
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL PREPARATION
COPRECIPITATION
CRYSTALLIZATION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXIDES
KINETICS
LEAD COMPOUNDS
NITRATES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTICLE SIZE
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POROSITY
PRECIPITATION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SIZE
SOL-GEL PROCESS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SYNTHESIS
TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
TITANIUM OXIDES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS