Cadmium concentrations in blood of children living near a lead smelter in Bahia, Brazil
A prevalence study of cadmium absorption was carried out among 396 children aged 1 to 9 years living at less than 900 m from a primary lead smelter in Santo Amaro City, northeast Brazil. Geometric mean and geometric standard deviation of cadmium concentrations in blood (CdB) were 0.087 and 2.5 mumole/liter, respectively, ranging from 0.004 to 0.511 units. Ninety-six per cent of these children presented CdB higher than 0.0089 mumole/liter (or 1.0 microgram/liter) which is usually taken as a reference level. Higher CdB levels were significantly associated with shorter distance from child's home to smelter chimney, residence time in the area greater than 7 months, racial groups Light and Medium, and heavy infection by hookworm. The variation in CdB levels was not associated with child's age, nutritional status, iron status, family per capita income, blood lead level, being a child of a lead worker, the habit of pica, and contamination of child's peridomiciliar environment by smelter dross.
- Research Organization:
- Federal Univ. of Bahia, Brazil
- OSTI ID:
- 5113656
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Res.; (United States) Vol. 2; ISSN ENVRA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Environmental exposure to lead and children's intelligence at the age of seven years. The Port Pirie Cohort Study
Silver Valley lead study: further analysis of the relationship between blood lead and air lead
Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AGE GROUPS
BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
BLOOD
BODY FLUIDS
BRAZIL
CADMIUM
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHILDREN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
FECES
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
LATIN AMERICA
LEAD
MATERIALS
METALS
SMELTERS
SOUTH AMERICA
UPTAKE
WASTES