Mathematics and physics of emerging biomedical imaging
Although the mathematical sciences were used in a general way for image processing, they were of little importance in biomedical work until the development in the 1970s of computed tomography (CT) for the imaging of x-rays and isotope emission tomography. In the 1980s, MRI eclipsed the other modalities in many ways as the most informative medical imaging methodology. Besides these well-established techniques, computer-based mathematical methods are being explored in applications to other well-known methods, such as ultrasound and electroencephalography, as well as new techniques of optical imaging, impedance tomography, and magnetic source imaging. It is worth pointing out that, while the final images of many of these techniques bear many similarities to each other, the technologies involved in each are completely different and the parameters represented in the images are very different in character as well as in medical usefulness. In each case, rather different mathematical or statistical models are used, with different equations. One common thread is the paradigm of reconstruction from indirect measurements--this is the unifying theme of this report. The imaging methods used in biomedical applications that this report discusses include: (1) x-ray projection imaging; (2) x-ray computed tomography (CT); (3) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy; (4) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); (5) positron emission tomography (PET); (6) ultrasonics; (7) electrical source imaging (ESI); (8) electrical impedance tomography (EIT); (9) magnetic source imaging (MSI); and (10) medical optical imaging.
- Research Organization:
- National Research Council, Washington, DC (United States); Institute of Medicine, Washington, DC (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Research, Washington, DC (United States); Advanced Research Projects Agency, Washington, DC (United States); National Insts. of Health, Bethesda, MD (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- FG02-94ER61864
- OSTI ID:
- 510447
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ER/61864--T1
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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