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Title: Automatic joint tracking for CNC-programmed electron beam welding

Journal Article · · Weld. J. (Miami); (United States)
OSTI ID:5091147

In an effort to provide a means for actively maintaining precise alignment during an entire welding procedure, various types of contact and non-contact joint sensing and tracking methods have been investigated over the years. A stylus riding in the groove or a cam follower running along a machined reference surface that parallels the groove, coupled to a transducer for producing a signal indicative of seam path runout, is one method that has been investigated. Another is the employment of light-sensitive devices, used in both a comparative and a discerning fashion to produce a signal indicative of beam-to-joint alignment. Also, electronic detectors that monitor the magnitude of either electron or x-ray emission coming back from a workpiece and produce a signal indicative of beam-to-joint alignment deviations have been investigated. Of the various methods tried, the one which has proved to be ideal for use in joint sensing and tracking during EB welding is that of monitoring the ''secondary'' electron backflow that results when a workpiece is bombarded with a beam of ''primary'' electrons. This is because the primary electron beam producing this secondary electron backflow is the welding beam itself. Since the welding beam becomes the means for measuring joint location, the technique of sensing secondary electron backflow automatically provides a direct correlation between the actual welding beam position and the joint location measured. Thus, any need for calibrating an auxiliary joint location device to actual welding beam position is eliminated. In addition, this method is least affected by the high amount of vapor and spatter generated during welding. In this article, a system employing Secondary Electron Emission Sensing (SEES) to provide an on-line (''realtime''), truly automatic joint tracking capability will be discussed.

Research Organization:
Leybold-Heraeus Vacuum Systems, Inc., Enfield, Conn.
OSTI ID:
5091147
Journal Information:
Weld. J. (Miami); (United States), Vol. 64:8
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English