Biochemical and physiological detection of sulfur dioxide injury to pea plants (Pisum sativum)

Journal Article · Sun May 01 04:00:00 EDT 1977 · J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00022470.1977.10470443· OSTI ID:5087183

Jaeger, H J; Klein, H

Biochemical and physlological experiments were conducted on pea plants (Pisum sativum) continuously exposed in growth chambers to SO/sub 2/ gas for 18 days. SO/sub 2/ gas concentrations were 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 ppM. In plants exposed to 0.1 and 0.15 ppM it was clearly demonstrated that there was a greater accumulation of inorganic sulfur, a reduced buffer capacity of the cells relative to H-ions, and a stimulation of glutamate dehydrogenase activity. The only macroscopic symptom seen was slight chlorosis of the older leaves. There was only a slight decrease in fresh and dry weights of these plants compared to the control plants whereas in the group of plants exposed to 0.25 ppM SO/sub 2/ foliage necrosis was considerable. In addition, there was a marked reduction in the fresh and dry weights of the latter plants. However, the relationship among accumulated inorganic sulfur, reduced buffer capacity, and increased glutamate dehydrogenase activity as seen for the lower SO/sub 2/ concentrations was close. Accordingly, it might be possible to use these three parameters to diagnose SO/sub 2/ injury before any significant symptoms appear. In the case of severe SO/sub 2/ injury there was a marked increase in glutamine and ammonia concentrations suggesting that these factors in addition to the above could be used in diagnosing severe SO/sub 2/ injury. There was no significant difference between plants treated with 0.1 or 0.15 ppM SO/sub 2/ and control plants in the contents of K, Ca, P, and N fractions. Therefore, these factors would not be useful in the early detection of SO/sub 2/ injury.

• Research Organization: Univ., Giessen, Ger.
• OSTI ID: 5087183
• Journal Information: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States) Vol. 27:5; ISSN JPCAA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500100 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Basic Studies-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
550200 -- Biochemistry
560303* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Plants-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
AMIDES
AMINO ACIDS
AMMONIA
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOMASS
CALCIUM
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CROPS
CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
DEHYDROGENASES
DIAGNOSIS
DISEASES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENZYMES
FLUIDS
GLUTAMIC ACID
GLUTAMINE
HYDRIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INJURIES
LEGUMINOSAE
METALS
NECROSIS
NITROGEN
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
NONMETALS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXIDOREDUCTASES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PHOSPHORUS
PISUM
PLANTS
POTASSIUM
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
SULFUR
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR DIOXIDE
SULFUR OXIDES