Effects of melanin-induced free radicals on the isolated rat peritoneal mast cells

Journal Article · Sat Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1986 · J. Invest. Dermatol.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12285496· OSTI ID:5072177

Ranadive, N S; Shirwadkar, S; Persad, S; Menon, I A

Pheomelanin from human red hair (RHM) produces considerably more cellular damage in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells when subjected to radiations of wavelength 320-700 nm than eumelanin from black hair (BHM). Irradiation of RHM generated large amounts of superoxide while BHM did not produce detectable amounts of superoxide. The present investigations describe the effects of irradiation of mast cells in the presence of various natural and synthetic melanins. Irradiation of mast cells in the presence of RHM and red hair melanoprotein released large amounts of histamine while BHM and synthetic melanins prepared from dopa, cysteinyldopa, or a mixture of dopa and cysteinyldopa did not release histamine. The release of histamine at lower concentrations of RHM was not accompanied by the release of /sup 51/Cr from chromium-loaded cells, suggesting that this release was of noncytotoxic nature. On the other hand, the release of histamine at higher concentrations of RHM was due to cell lysis since both histamine and cytoplasmic marker /sup 51/Cr were released to the same extent. The release evoked by large concentration RHM was not inhibited by superoxide dismutase or catalase. This suggests that the cell lysis under these conditions was not due to H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ or O-2. The finding that mast cells release histamine when irradiated in the presence of RHM suggests that the immediate and late-phase reactions seen in sunburn may in part be due to the release of mediators from these cells.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Toronto, Ontario
• OSTI ID: 5072177
• Journal Information: J. Invest. Dermatol.; (United States), Vol. 3
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
MELANIN
RADIOSENSITIVITY EFFECTS
BURNS
CHROMIUM 51
HAIR
IN VITRO
MAST CELLS
RATS
SKIN
SUN
SUPEROXIDE RADICALS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TUMOR CELLS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BODY
CHROMIUM ISOTOPES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INJURIES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MAIN SEQUENCE STARS
MAMMALS
NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PIGMENTS
RADIATIONS
RADICALS
RADIOISOTOPES
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
STARS
VERTEBRATES
560121* - Radiation Effects on Cells- External Source- (-1987)