General theory unifying and extending the Landau-Khalatnikov, Ginzburg-Pitaevskii, and Hills-Roberts theories of superfluid /sup 4/He

Journal Article · Wed Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 1980 · Phys. Rev., B: Condens. Matter; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.22.3207· OSTI ID:5055896

Geurst, J A

A general phenomenological theory of superfluid /sup 4/He is presented which takes account of the effects of healing and relaxation. The Landau-Khalatnikov theory and the Hills-Roberts theory are treated as special cases. The starting point for the derivation of the general theory is an extension of Zilsel's variational principle that includes the gradient of the superfluid mass density as an additional independent variable. Among the resulting equations an essential part is played by a partial differential equation that expresses the equilibrium of the superfluid density. The extension of the general theory to dissipative situations is characterized by a 3 x 3 matrix of kinetic coefficients. Introduction of the complex order parameter in the variational principle leads to a nondissipative version of the Ginzburg-Pitaevskii (GP) equation. When extended to the dissipative case, it contains three complex relaxation coefficients which are simply related to the kinetic coefficients. The Psi theory of Ginzburg and Pitaevskii and its modification given by Khalatnikov are both formally included in the general time-dependent GP equation as special cases.

• Research Organization: Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
• OSTI ID: 5055896
• Journal Information: Phys. Rev., B: Condens. Matter; (United States), Journal Name: Phys. Rev., B: Condens. Matter; (United States) Vol. 22:7; ISSN PRBMD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

640450* -- Fluid Physics-- Superfluidity
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
EQUATIONS
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
GINZBURG-PITAEVSKII THEORY
HELIUM 4
HELIUM ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
KHALATNIKOV THEORY
LANDAU LIQUID HELIUM THEORY
LIGHT NUCLEI
MATRICES
NUCLEI
RELAXATION
STABLE ISOTOPES
SUPERFLUIDITY
VARIATIONAL METHODS