Generation of higher fullerenes in flames

Journal Article · Thu Feb 27 04:00:00 EST 1997 · Journal of Physical Chemistry B: Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces, amp Biophysical

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jp962928c· OSTI ID:505188

Richter, H; Labrocca, A J; Grieco, W J; Taghizadeh, K; Lafleur, A L; Howard, J B ^[1]

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1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)

The presence of fullerenes up to C{sub 116} was observed in condensable material from a benzene/oxygen flame. The flame material was Soxhlet-extracted with toluene for 363 h, fractionationed by means of a silica-based semipreparative HPLC column, and analyzed by HPLC coupled to a mass spectrometer via a heated nebulizer interface using a 2-(1-pyrenyl)ethylsilica stationary phase. UV-vis spectra were measured for C{sub 60}, C{sub 60}O, C{sub 60}{center_dot}CH{sub 4}, C{sub 70}, C{sub 70}O, C{sub 76}, C{sub 78}, C{sub 80}, C{sub 84}, a C{sub 84} adduct, C{sub 86}, C{sub 88}, C{sub 90}, C{sub 92}, C{sub 94}, C{sub 96}, C{sub 98}, C{sub 100}, C{sub 102}, and C{sub 108}. Isomers could be discerned for C{sub 78}, C{sub 90}, and C{sub 94}. A calibration using external standards was performed for C{sub 60}, C{sub 70}, C{sub 76}, C{sub 78}, and C{sub 84}. For all other species the relative abundances were estimated based on HPLC peak integration results. Electric arc soot was extracted under similar conditions and the quantification of fullerenes compared to the data obtained with flame-generated condensable material. Except for C{sub 60} and C{sub 76}, the abundances were significantly higher in the case of flame-generated condensable material. Also, striking differences between the two fullerene production methods are seen in the relative abundances of C{sub 78} isomers. 33 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

• DOE Contract Number: FG02-84ER13282
• OSTI ID: 505188
• Journal Information: Journal of Physical Chemistry B: Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces, amp Biophysical, Journal Name: Journal of Physical Chemistry B: Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces, amp Biophysical Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 101; ISSN 1089-5647; ISSN JPCBFK
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
40 CHEMISTRY
ABUNDANCE
BENZENE
FLAMES
FULLERENES
LIQUID COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
MASS SPECTRA
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SYNTHESIS
ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA
VISIBLE SPECTRA