Volcanic aerosol and polar stratospheric clouds in the winter 1992/93 north polar vortex

Journal Article · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1994 · Geophysical Research Letters (American Geophysical Union); (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/93GL03114· OSTI ID:5050131

Rosen, J M; Kjome, N T ^[1]; Fast, H ^[2]; Larsen, N ^[3]

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1. Univ. of Wyoming, Laramine WY (United States)
2. Atmospheric Environmental Service, Toronto (Canada)
3. Danish Meteorol. Inst., Copenhagen (Denmark)

Backscatter profiles were measured at 940 and 490 nm in the winter north polar vortex using balloon borne backscattersondes. There was no mid-season breakdown of the vortex, and temperatures were sufficiently cold to expect the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). The mass loading from the Mount Pinatubo aerosols inside the vortex was observed to be larger than that of the previous year and equivalent to about 20 megatonnes if spread uniformly over the earth. The positive identification of typical PSCs was made more difficult by the presence of considerable volcanic aerosol background. An unusual scattering layer that can probably be identified as some type of PSC was not associated with as much backscatter as observed in previous non-volcanic years with similar stratospheric temperatures. The layer apparently was composed of comparatively large particles with a relatively low, highly variable number concentration and was easily identified by the enhancement in fine structure of the scattering properties rather than an outstanding increase in average scattering values. The arctic volcanic aerosol layer was found to produce a small but significant depolarized backscattered signal. This preliminary results could be interpreted as indicating the presence of some non-spherical particles (perhaps due to freezing effects) and/or spherical particles containing inclusions of irregular shapes with differing refractive index. 9 refs., 5 figs.

• OSTI ID: 5050131
• Journal Information: Geophysical Research Letters (American Geophysical Union); (United States), Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters (American Geophysical Union); (United States) Vol. 21:1; ISSN GPRLAJ; ISSN 0094-8276
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AEROSOLS
CLOUDS
COLLOIDS
CRYOSPHERE
DISPERSIONS
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
FLUIDS
GASES
POLAR REGIONS
SOLS
VOLCANIC GASES