Cellular approach to agricultural genetics. Final report, December 1, 1974-November 30, 1977
This project was focused upon identifying how genetic manipulation of higher plant cells cultured in vitro could provide new methods for crop improvement. Work has taken three major directions: (1) attempts to define conditions for the in vitro culture and subsequent regeneration of entire plants from somatic cells of important crop species, (2) attempts to define novel selection schemes to allow recovery of a wide range of mutant phenotypes, and novel genetic techniques to transfer this genetic information, and (3) a direct interaction with plant breeders in attempting to make use of these in vitro techniques in ongoing crop improvement programs. We have accomplished routine regeneration of entire plants from established long term in vitro callus cultures of wheat and tomato, and from suspension cultures of barley and potato. We have defined conditions for the isolation of temperature sensitive variants of plant cells and for the recovery of mutants altered in tissue specific characteristics. We have utilized two-dimentional gel electrophoresis to characterize the range of polypeptides present in cells cultured in vitro and to observe their alterations in variant cell lines. We have begun the process of defining by using heterotic hybrids which biochemical and physiological traits of whole plants are limiting final yield characteristics. We have defined conditions for chromosome isolation from plants, and initially characterized a higher plant-bacterial recombinant DNA system. We are interacting directly with breeders and individuals involved in plant improvement in projects involving cereal grains, grain legumes, potatoes and other field horticultural crops.
- Research Organization:
- Michigan State Univ., East Lansing (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76ER02528
- OSTI ID:
- 5049243
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ER/02528-T1; ON: DE82019422
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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