Fire safety of LPG in marine transportation
This report contains an analytical examination of cargo spill and fire hazard potential associated with the marine handling of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as cargo. Principal emphasis was on cargo transfer operations for ships unloading at receiving terminals, and barges loading or unloading at a terminal. Major safety systems, including emergency shutdown systems, hazard detection systems, and fire extinguishment and control systems were included in the analysis. Spill probabilities were obtained from fault tree analyses utilizing composite LPG tank ship and barge designs. Failure rates for hardware in the analyses were generally taken from historical data on similar generic classes of hardware, there being very little historical data on the specific items involved. Potential consequences of cargo spills of various sizes are discussed and compared to actual LPG vapor cloud incidents. The usefulness of hazard mitigation systems (particularly dry chemical fire extinguishers and water spray systems) in controlling the hazards posed by LPG spills and spill fires is also discussed. The analysis estimates the probability of fatality for a terminal operator is about 10/sup -6/ to 10/sup -5/ per cargo transfer operation. The probability of fatality for the general public is substantially less.
- Research Organization:
- Applied Technology Corp., Norman, OK (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-78EV06020
- OSTI ID:
- 5023646
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/EV/06020-T4
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
02 PETROLEUM
29 ENERGY PLANNING
POLICY AND ECONOMY
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES
CHEMICAL SPILLS
MARITIME TRANSPORT
FIRE PREVENTION
DATA COMPILATION
EVALUATION
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
FIRE FIGHTING
FIRE HAZARDS
FLOWSHEETS
GRAPHS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
MATERIALS HANDLING
MORTALITY
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
PROBABILITY
RISK ASSESSMENT
SAFETY
TABLES
VAPORS
DATA
DATA FORMS
DIAGRAMS
FLUIDS
GASES
HAZARDS
INFORMATION
NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS
NUMERICAL DATA
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POPULATIONS
SYSTEM FAILURE ANALYSIS
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
TRANSPORT
570000* - Health & Safety
520200 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)
020900 - Petroleum- Environmental Aspects
290300 - Energy Planning & Policy- Environment
Health
& Safety