Hazardous-waste incineration in a rotary kiln
A rotary-kiln simulator was used to develop a better understanding of how hazardous materials are removed from sorbent clays. Experimental results and associated numerical modeling on the combustion and desorption of toluene from a montmorillonite clay sorbent are presented. The purpose of these tests was to understand the mass and heat transfer characteristics of the material in a rotary kiln environment. The experiments were done in a batch mode, simulating a control volume of solids moving down the length of a full-scale rotary kiln, exchanging time for distance as the independent variable. Studies investigating the effect of oxygen concentration, charge size, rotational velocity, and kiln cavity temperature on the desorption rate were completed. Also, effects of water in the montmorillonite were examined. Two comprehensive models were developed to predict the thermal and mass desorption characteristics of the bed, respectively. Another series of studies in the rotary kiln simulator was focused on NO, formation from nitrogenous waste constituents. These tests were performed to simulate materials (plastics, nylons, dyes, and process waste) usually destroyed in hazardous-waste incinerators. Four surrogate wastes, Aniline, Pyridine, Malononitrile, and Ethylenediamine, were absorbed onto the montmorillonite clay sorbent. A detailed discussion regarding the design, construction and operation of the rotary-kiln simulator for research on the destruction of hazardous waste materials is presented in the Appendices. All facility calibration techniques and calculations in addition to data acquisition and reduction algorithms are also discussed there.
- Research Organization:
- Utah Univ., Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 5016258
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
540120* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
ALGORITHMS
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
AMINES
ANILINE
AROMATICS
AZINES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CLAYS
COMBUSTION
CONTROL
DATA ACQUISITION
DESIGN
DESORPTION
ENERGY TRANSFER
HEAT TRANSFER
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
KILNS
MASS TRANSFER
MATERIALS
MATHEMATICAL LOGIC
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MONTMORILLONITE
NITRILES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION CONTROL
PYRIDINES
SIMULATION
SORPTION
SYNTHESIS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TOLUENE