CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TRANSFORMATIONS. THE ISOTOPIC EFFECT OF SECONDARY REACTIONS OF RECOIL ATOMS ACCOMPANYING THE (n,$gamma$) PROCESS (in Russian)
Journal Article
·
· Uspekhi Khim.
OSTI ID:4805096
Synthesis of new compounds by exposure to a neutron flux of a reactor received great impetus recently; in particular, the (n, gamma ) reaction presents a relatively simple method for preparing the radioactive isotopes of the starting materials. The recently established existence of a differential behavior of isotopes spurred research on the effect of recoil atoms. This isotopic effect'' raay be due to dissimilarity in the kinetic energy caused by emission of gamma quanta after neutron capture or to the difference in the energy state of the electron shells of the recoil atoms. The yield of the labeled organic products in the solid phase increases with decreasing initial recoil energy, reportedly because the local concentration of the molecular fragments increases, favoring the recombination of the fragments into new compounds. The effect was not observed by others however, and was thus designated as the apparent isotopic effect.'' In the case of certain vitreous and crystalline materials the effect of diffusion reactions also may play a role. Processes taking place during heat treatment of raaterials exposed to gamma rays, neutron, proton, or other particular radiation was also intensively investigated. The effect of the chemical composition of the recoil atoms on the subsequent reactions are considered for the case of the reaction of tritium and methane. The isotopic effect of hot' Br atoms, Br/sup 82/ and Br/sup 80m/ activated by (n, gamma ) reaction is also reviewed. Reaction kinetics, reactivity, radiation, and high temperature chemistry probleras are involved in the explanation of the theory of hot atoms. ' (TTT)
- Research Organization:
- Originating Research Org. not identified
- NSA Number:
- NSA-16-024861
- OSTI ID:
- 4805096
- Journal Information:
- Uspekhi Khim., Journal Name: Uspekhi Khim. Vol. Vol: 31
- Country of Publication:
- Country unknown/Code not available
- Language:
- Russian
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Related Subjects
ATOMS
BROMINE 82
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DIFFUSION
EFFICIENCY
ENERGY
GAMMA RADIATION
HEAT TREATMENTS
HIGH TEMPERATURE
IRRADIATION
ISOMERS
ISOTOPE EFFECTS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
METHANE
NEUTRON BEAMS
NUCLEAR REACTIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PHYSICS
PREPARATION
PROTON BEAMS
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
REACTION KINETICS
REACTIVITY
RECOILS
TRITIUM
VARIATIONS
BROMINE 82
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DIFFUSION
EFFICIENCY
ENERGY
GAMMA RADIATION
HEAT TREATMENTS
HIGH TEMPERATURE
IRRADIATION
ISOMERS
ISOTOPE EFFECTS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
METHANE
NEUTRON BEAMS
NUCLEAR REACTIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PHYSICS
PREPARATION
PROTON BEAMS
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
REACTION KINETICS
REACTIVITY
RECOILS
TRITIUM
VARIATIONS