Residual stresses in steel and zirconium weldments
- Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, Ontario (Canada). Chalk River Labs.
- Mechanical Engineering Research Lab., Hitachi, Ibaraki (Japan)
Three-dimensional scans of residual stress within intact weldments provide insight into the consequences of various welding techniques and stress-relieving procedures. The neutron diffraction method for nondestructive evaluation of residual stresses has been applied to a circumferential weld in a ferritic steel pipe of outer diameter 114 mm and thickness 8.6 mm. The maximum tensile stresses, 250 MPa in the hoop direction, are found at mid-thickness of the fusion zone. The residual stresses approach zero within 20 mm from the weld center. The residual stresses caused by welding zirconium alloy components are partially to blame for failures due to delayed-hydride cracking. Neutron diffraction measurements in a GTA-welded Zr-2.5 Nb plate have shown that heat treatment at 530 C for 1 h reduces the longitudinal residual strain by 60%. Neutron diffraction has also been used to scan the residual stresses near circumferential electron beam welds in irradiated and unirradiated Zr-2.5 Nb pressure tubes. The residual stresses due to electron beam welding appear to be lower than 130 MPa, even in the as-welded state. No significant changes occur in the residual stress pattern of the electron-beam welded tube, during a prolonged exposure to thermal neutrons and the temperatures typical of an operating nuclear reactor.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Ottawa, ON (Canada)
- OSTI ID:
- 477450
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Vol. 119, Issue 2; Other Information: DN: Paper presented at the eighteenth annual energy-sources technology conference and exhibition, Houston, TX (US), January 27--February 1, 1995; PBD: May 1997
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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