Gas-solid heterogeneous nitration of fluoranthene and chrysene adsorbed on airborne particulate matter under photo irradiation in the presence of nitrogen dioxide
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama (Japan)
- Institute of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan)
Nitration of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fluoranthene (FL) and chrysene (CH), adsorbed on airborne particulate matter, standard environmental samples, and eight kinds of inorganic particulate matter were carried out under photo irradiation or non irradiation in the presence of nitrogen dioxide to assess the feasibility of atmospheric nitroarene formation from these arenes. Both a closed circulation and a flow system at atmospheric pressure were employed. In the case of FL, degradation rate and yield of total nitrated products were accelerated by photo irradiation on any support by a factor of more than five and more than eight, respectively. The presence of oxygen in the reaction atmosphere also promoted them by a factor of at least four and six, respectively. Under the air containing 10 ppm of nitrogen dioxide, degradation of both of the PAHs on all the support obeyed first-order reaction with respect to their concentration. The shortest half life was observed on ZnO and the longest one was observed on soda feldspar which is one of the standard rock minerals. It was ascertained that these differences in the reactivity of PAHs were due to the chemical composition of them according to the results of the reactions on various types of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. The yield and distribution of isomeric nitrated products also strongly depended on the chemical composition of support. On the other hand 2-nitroFL and 6-nitroCH were still the most abundant nitrated product under photo irradiation for most of support. The maximum yield of 2-nitroFL and 6-nitroCH were 6.4% on MgO and 27.8% on Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, respectively. Since such a considerable formation of these two nitroarenes each of which is one of the most abundant nitroarenes detected in the airborne particles was observed, this heterogeneous nitration can be regarded as an important pathway in atmospheric nitroarene formation.
- OSTI ID:
- 466177
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9606185--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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