Chronic toxicity of a homologous series of alcohol ethoxylate surfactants to Daphnia magna
- Univ. of Mississippi, University, MS (United States). Dept. of Biology
- Shell Development Co., Houston, TX (United States)
The effects of three homologous nonionic surfactants were evaluated in a series of 21 d Daphnia magna flow-through laboratory experiments. No observed effects concentrations and effects concentrations for survival and reproduction were determined for three linear alcohol ethoxylate (LAE) surfactants with average carbon chain lengths of 10, 12.5, and 14.5 and average ethylene oxide units/mole of 6, 6.5, and 7, respectively. Mean measured concentrations of LAE in laboratory experiments ranged from 0.91 to 16.91 mg/L, 0.38 to 5.21 mg/L and 0.31 to 1.83 mg/L for C{sub 10}, C{sub 12.5}, and C{sub 14.5} LAEs, respectively. Daphnid survival NOECs were 2.8 mg/L (C{sub 10}), 1.8 mg/L (C{sub 12.5}), and 0.79 mg/L (C{sub 14.5}). Daphnid survival and reproduction were equally sensitive to the C{sub 10} and C{sub 14.5} surfactants, however, reproduction was more sensitive than survival for the C{sub 12.5} surfactant. Reproduction NOECs were 2.8, 0.77, and 0.79 mg/L for the C{sub 10}, C{sub 12.5}, and C{sub 14.5} LAEs, respectively. The 21 d chronic survival NOECs for daphnids were similar to NOECs for cladoceran densities obtained in outdoor stream mesocosm studies conducted at the University of Mississippi Field Station. These results indicate a relationship of approximately 1:1 between the chronic laboratory and field results.
- OSTI ID:
- 458356
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-961149--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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