Characterization and activity of ferric-sulfide-based catalyst in model reactions of direct coal liquefaction: Effect of preparation conditions
- West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
The authors studied the activity of various ferric-sulfide-based catalysts in model hydrogenation and cracking reactions under conditions typical of direct coal liquefaction (DCL). The catalysts used were mixtures of FeS{sub 2} (pyrite, PY) and nonstoichiometric FeS{sub x} (pyrrhotite, PH) obtained by high-temperature disproportionation of ferric sulfide in a nitrogen atmosphere or a hydrogen atmosphere. The structural changes in the catalyst were also examined, both before and after the model reactions. The cracking functionality of the catalysts was studied by using cumene, and the hydrocracking functionality was studied by using diphenylmethane. Phenanthrene was used as a model compound for hydrogenation and hydrogen shuttling. Phenanthrene hydrogenation was studied in the presence of H{sub 2}(g), and hydrogen shuttling was studied when a hydrogen donor (tetralin) was present in the absence of H{sub 2}(g). All the model reactions were performed under conditions typical of DCL: 400 C and 1,000 psig for 30 min. The surface and bulk of the catalysts were characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The performance of the catalysts was found to vary with the type of reaction, the initial ratio of FeS{sub x} to FeS{sub 2} (PH/PY) found in the catalyst, and the catalyst age. Catalysts freshly prepared in a nitrogen atmosphere were most active for model hydrogenation and hydrocracking runs. Catalysts freshly prepared in hydrogen were most active in shuttling. A simple model was developed to explain changes in the surface and bulk of the catalysts.
- DOE Contract Number:
- FC22-93PC93053
- OSTI ID:
- 452278
- Journal Information:
- Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Journal Name: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 36; ISSN IECRED; ISSN 0888-5885
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
The conversion of model coal liquids compounds to naphtha species. Final report 1 Jan 73--31 Oct 76
Zeolite catalysts for hdyrocracking polynuclear aromatics - phenanthrene kinetics