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U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

The accident to the NRX reactor on December 12, 1952

Technical Report ·
OSTI ID:4379334

Because of a complex concurrence of mechanical defects in the shut-off-rod system and operating errors which alone would not have caused serious trouble, a power surge occurred in the NRX reactor during preparations for experiments at low power. Some of the cooling arrangements at the time were adequate only for low-power operation. Consequently some of the natural-uranium metal melted and ruptured the aluminum sheathing and tubes which separated the heavy-water, air, and cooling-water systems. As a result some 20,000 curies of fission products from long-irradiated uranium were carried by a flood of 1,000,000 gal of cooling water into the basement. Fused masses of highly irradiated uranium and uranium oxide were left inside the calandria, and the core vessel of the reactor and tubes of the calandria were severely damaged. In such a high-flux reactor where the transient xenon poison may affect the reactivity by 40 milli-k (mk), the shut-off rods have to cover a reactivity range of about 70 mk. As one lesson from the accident it appears preferable to withdraw the first or safeguard bank of shut-off rods soon after shutting down, instead of making this the first step of the actual start-up.

Research Organization:
Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. Chalk River Project, Chalk River, Ontario (Canada)
NSA Number:
NSA-10-000375
OSTI ID:
4379334
Report Number(s):
DR-32; AECL-232
Country of Publication:
Canada
Language:
English