Ion exchange properties of hydrous oxides
The large class of amorphous insoluble hydrous oxides has interesting ion exchange properties. These materials have high capacities and suitable exchange rates and may therefore be used in packed columns in typical chromatographic (ion exchange) manner. Hydrous oxides may exhibit either cation exchange or anion exchange properties, or both. The type of adsorption depends on the element on which the oxide is based, on the acidity of the medium and, to some extent, on the ion adsorbed. Though some of the most acidic oxides are soluble (e.g., P/sub 2/O/sub 5/) or easily dispersible (e.g., MoO/sub 3/ WO/sub 3/) their intrinsic cation exchange properties may be utilized by incorporating them in excess into an insoluble matrix, i.e., by preparing certain insoluble acidic salts. Some of the materials with cation exchange properties may be used even with extremely small columns - for the separation of the alkali metals from each other - or of the alkaline earths. The specificity of these compounds for cesium in acidic solutions permits the almost unique isolation of this element from properties all others. Those oxides with anion exchange properties also have unusual selectivities compared with the organic ion exchangers. Oxides based on Bi(III) have high selectivities for the heavier halides and others, such as the oxides of Zr(IV), Nb(V), and Ta(V) for remarkable selectivities for fluorides. (auth)
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
- NSA Number:
- NSA-12-014709
- OSTI ID:
- 4328233
- Report Number(s):
- A/CONF.15/P/1832
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ADSORPTION
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
ANIONS
BISMUTH OXIDES
CATIONS
CESIUM COMPOUNDS
CHEMISTRY
CHROMATOGRAPHY
DISPERSIONS
FLUORIDES
HALIDES
ION EXCHANGE
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
MOLYBDENUM OXIDES
NIOBIUM OXIDES
OXIDES
PHOSPHORUS OXIDES
SALTS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLUBILITY
SOLUTIONS
TANTALUM OXIDES
TUNGSTEN OXIDES
ZIRCONIUM OXIDES