Sorption of nonionic organic compounds in soil-water systems containing petroleum sulfonate-oil surfactants
- Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
The effects of petroleum sulfonate-oil (PSO) surfactants (commercial petronates) on sorption of representative nonionic organic contaminants naphthalene, phenanthrene, and 2,2{prime},4,4{prime},5,5{prime}-hexachlorobiphenyl(2,2{prime},4,4{prime},5,5{prime}-PCB) in an Oahtemo (B) soil-water system are presented in this report. In the range of petronate equilibrium aqueous concentrations from 0 to 170 mg L{sup -1}, we have observed a slight increase of the soil-water distribution coefficient (K) for naphthalene, a moderate decrease of K for phenanthrene, and a large (202-fold) decrease of K for 2,2{prime},4,4{prime},5,5{prime}-PCB. Both aqueous and soil-sorbed PSO surfactant act as partition phases for NOCs. Solute partition coefficients between water and the PSO emulsions in the solution and soil-sorbed form, K{sup -em} and K{sup -sem}, respectively, were determined. The K{sup -em} values were consistently but only slightly larger (1.1-3 times) than K{sup -sem}, demonstrating that sorbed PSO is nearly as effective as aqueous-phase PSO emulsion as a partition phase for phenanthrene and 2,2{prime},4,4{prime},5,5{prime}-PCB. The ratios of K{sup -sem} to K{sup -em} for phenanthrene and 2,2{prime},4,4{prime},5,5{prime}-PCB were consistently about four, indicating that on a unit mass basis sorbed PSO is about four times more effective as a sorptive phase for these contaminants than natural soil organic matter. We have developed and evaluated a model that can predict accurately the apparent soil-water distribution coefficient of a nonionic organic compound at different petronate concentrations. 19 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- OSTI ID:
- 41655
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Name: Environmental Science and Technology Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 27; ISSN 0013-936X; ISSN ESTHAG
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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