THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATION ON VARIABILITY IN SPRING WHEAT DURING ITS CONVERSION TO THE WINTER HABIT

Journal Article · Mon Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1962 · Tr. Inst. Genet., Akad. Nauk SSSR

OSTI ID:4140071

Karapetyan, V K

Investigations were made to show that when spring wheat is irradiated, forms differing in their developmental habit arise. Air-dry seeds of the Armenian spring variety Erinaceum (Triticum compactum var, erinaceum) were treated with Co/sup 60/ gamma rays at dosages ranging from 8 to 16 kr. The 10-16 kr doses were excessive, but a number of plants derived from 8 kr-treated seed survived the winter when sown in autumn and were in fact shown to be winter forms genetically. After two generations of autumn sowing, different families of the progeny of one of the surviving plants showed survival percentages of 37.8 to 82.4%. They were incapable of earing when sown in spring. Subsequently other winter forms were obtained in a similar manner, having greater overwintering capacity than the standard winter wheat variety Ukrainka. The winter selections produced grain yields that were, on the average, 10-- 12% higher than in the original spring form. They were often early maturing, and had a long vernalization stage, not less than 50-55 days. 60% of the winter forms resembled the original variety morphologically. Some of the winter forms were compact, with strong, lodging-resistant straw; grains were often large, vitreous, uniform, and high in protein. The compact forms were genetically stable, retaining their properties in successive generations. It is thought that some of the types that combine earliness, winter hardiness, and high productivity will be of practical value. In assessing the results it is pointed out that the treatments applied offer a very rapid way of converting spring into winter wheat. The effects are caused by environmental influence on plants with shattered inheritance. (TCO)

• Research Organization: Originating Research Org. not identified
• NSA Number: NSA-18-003562
• OSTI ID: 4140071
• Journal Information: Tr. Inst. Genet., Akad. Nauk SSSR, Journal Name: Tr. Inst. Genet., Akad. Nauk SSSR Vol. Vol: No. 29
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: English

Related Subjects

AGRICULTURE
BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
CEREALS
COBALT 60
ENVIRONMENT
GAMMA RADIATION
GENETICS
MUTATIONS
PROTEINS
QUANTITY RATIO
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION EFFECTS
SEASONS
SEEDS
USSR
VARIATIONS