FLUIDS, LUBRICANTS, FUELS AND RELATED MATERIALS. Quarterly Report, January, February, and March 1960

Technical Report · Thu Mar 31 04:00:00 EST 1960

OSTI ID:4078722

A study of the evaporation test and the significant variables influencing the test results is presented. The evaperation properties of formulated fiuids and base stocks are discussed as a function of viscosity level. Evaporation rate is also treated as a function of boiling range of the teat fluid for wide boiling-range materials, pure compounds with a specific boiling point, and blends of narrow boiling-range materials. The importance of vapor pressure in the determination of evaporation is discussed. The relationship of this evaporation phenomena to equilibrium distillation is treated mathematically. The significance of gas density on evaporation rate is shown. The importance of oxidation mechanism on evaperation is demonstrated by comparing values for fluids with and without oxidution inhibitors in air with nitrogen tests. Differences in oxidation mechanisms are shown for mineral oils, esters, and polyolefins by these studics. A fundamental study of the variables in the evaporation test is presented. The effects of test time, temperature, atmosphere, quantity of fluid charged, and additives present in the fluid are discussed separately. A serics of tests in the Shell four-ball wear and extreme pressure testers was conducted at 167 to 700 deg F. The effect of increasing temperature on lubrication is illustrated as a function of teat variables such as: lubricant base stock type (mineral oils, dibasic acid esters, neopentyl esters of monobasic acids, silicones, silicates, polyphenyl ethers, and a chlorinated aromatic), lubricity additives (tricresyl phosphate and diisopropyl acid phosphite), and metal-bearing system (52-100 bearing steel, MHT steel, vacuum-melted 52-100 steel, SAE 51-100 steel, M-10 tool steel, M-50 tool steel, M-50 consutrude steel, and stainless steel). These tests are designed to show the combined effects of the physical changes in the bearing material with temperature, the chemical reactivity of the lubricant at high bulk oil temperatures, and the effect of temperature on fluid volatility. The effect of super-refining on the wear properties of mineral oils and hydrocarbons is demonstrated. (auth)

• Research Organization: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Petroleum Refining Lab.
• NSA Number: NSA-15-011460
• OSTI ID: 4078722
• Report Number(s): PRL-5.29
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

AIR
ATMOSPHERE
BEARINGS
BOILING
DENSITY
DISTILLATION
ESTERS
EVAPORATION
FLUIDS
GASES
HYDROCARBONS
LUBRICANTS
MATHEMATICS
METALS, CERAMICS, AND OTHER MATERIALS
NITROGEN
OILS
OXIDATION
POLYMERS
PRESSURE
REFINING
STEELS
TEMPERATURE
TESTING
VAPORS
VISCOSITY
VOLATILITY
WEAR