Valence band of LiNi{sub {ital x}}Mn{sub 2{minus}{ital x}}O{sub 4} and its effects on the voltage profiles of LiNi{sub {ital x}}Mn{sub 2{minus}{ital x}}O{sub 4}/Li electrochemical cells
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 (CANADA)
- Moli Energy (1990) Limited, Maple Ridge, British Columbia, V2X 9E7 (CANADA)
A high-voltage plateau at 4.7 V in LiNi{sub {ital x}}Mn{sub 2{minus}{ital x}}O{sub 4}/Li electrochemical cells appears with the introduction of Ni into the LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} spinel. The capacity of the 4.7-V plateau increases linearly at the expense of the 4.1-V plateau as {ital x} increases. Using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, we have studied the top of the valence band of LiNi{sub {ital x}}Mn{sub 2{minus}{ital x}}O{sub 4} for a series of samples with 0.0{le}{ital x}{le}0.5. A component attributed to Ni 3{ital d} electrons was found at about 0.5-eV higher binding energy than the Mn 3{ital d} {ital e}{sub {ital g}} electrons. We propose that the increased voltage of the 4.7-V plateau is due to the increased energy required to remove electrons from Ni 3{ital d} levels compared to Mn 3{ital d} {ital e}{sub {ital g}} levels. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
- OSTI ID:
- 404029
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review, B: Condensed Matter, Journal Name: Physical Review, B: Condensed Matter Journal Issue: 23 Vol. 54; ISSN 0163-1829; ISSN PRBMDO
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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