SEPARATION AND EXCHANGE OF ISOTOPES. Annual Progress Report, July 1, 1960 to June 15, 1961
Work on exchange reactions involving isotopes of nitrogen, carbon and oxygen, as well as some studies on deuterium isotope effects on biological processes are described. Studies of the single stage separation factor for N/sup 15/ exchange in the nitric oxide-nitrate system were completed. The effective separation factor was measured for exchange of nitric oxide with nitrate salt solutions, and nitric acid solutions ranging in concentration from 1 to 12 molar, over a temperature range of 25 to 75 deg C. The effective exchange factor was compared with the individual exchange equilibrium constants in the system; the correlations are reasonably satisfactory in view of the uncertainties of individual exchange constants and chemical composition. Studies of oxygen isotope fractionation were continued. The effect of azeotropism on the separation of O/sup 18/ by distillation of a maximum boiling, aqueous ethylenediammine solution was noted. A negative effect on the isotopic fractionation in pure water was obtained. Isotope exchange between a 16 molal lithium chloride solution and water vapor was studied in a packed column. The separation factor for this solution at 145 deg C was comparable to that observed for water at 100 deg C. Studies of C/sup 13/ and O/sup 18/ fractionation by exchange between CO and Ni(CO)/sub 4/ in a packed exchange column, over the temperature range from -10 to +18 deg C, permitted an estimate of the rate of this exchange. The half time varied from approximately 0.2 min at 18 deg C to approximately 4 min at -10 deg C. Experiments on deuterium isotope effects on eggs of the sea urchin, Arbacia Punctulatus are reported. Cells maintained in D/ sub 2/O did not incorporate tritiated thymidine as did cells in a normal isotopic medium. This weakened a previous supposition that synthetic activity continues while cells are immersed in D/sub 2/O. Further, it was observed that unfertilized eggs stored in D/sub 2/O do not divide normally when returned tc a light water medium and fertilized. (auth)
- Research Organization:
- Rutgers Univ., Newark, N.J.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AT(30-1)-2250
- NSA Number:
- NSA-15-025105
- OSTI ID:
- 4020363
- Report Number(s):
- NYO-8770
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Orig. Receipt Date: 31-DEC-61
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
AMINES
BIOLOGY
CARBON 13
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBONYLS
DEUTERIUM
DISTILLATION
EGGS
ETHYLENE
HEAVY WATER
ISOTOPE EFFECTS
ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE
LITHIUM CHLORIDES
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
NITRATES
NITRIC ACID
NITROGEN 15
NITROGEN OXIDES
OXYGEN 18
PLANT CELLS
SEPARATION FACTOR
SOLUTIONS
STORAGE
TRITIUM
VAPORS
WATER