DISSIPATION IN QUANTUM MECHANICS. TWO-LEVEL SYSTEM. PART II
Journal Article
·
· Physical Review (U.S.) Superseded in part by Phys. Rev. A, Phys. Rev. B: Solid State, Phys. Rev. C, and Phys. Rev. D
The previous theory for two-level systems coupled to a loss mechanism (LM) is extended. First, the most general type oF two-level system (TLS), in which the dipole moment is expanded in terms of the three Pauli spin matrices and unit matrix, is considered. Second, a large number of systems identical to the TLS are added to the thermalreservoir type of LM. The TLS is described in terms of the time development of the Pauli matrices, and differential equations are obtained for their expectation value in the presence of arbitrary driving fields. The Bloch equations for a magnetic dipole of spin 1/2 are exhibited as a special case, corresponding to a particular combination of the dipole vectors. All other combinations describe electric dipole systems. Equations for two simple special cases of such systems are presented. The frequency of oscillation of a freely decaying TLS is derived and shown to be shifted by an amount that depends on the relationship between the dipole vectors. The commonly held belief that any TLS can be represented as a magnetic dipole of spin 1/2 is only approximately correct in the presence of dissipation. The conditions under which the differential equations for the expectation values of the TLS dynamical variables can be converted into differential equations for macroscopic variables are discussed. (auth)
- Research Organization:
- Army Electronics Research and Development Labs., Fort Monmouth, N.J.
- NSA Number:
- NSA-18-021046
- OSTI ID:
- 4006290
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review (U.S.) Superseded in part by Phys. Rev. A, Phys. Rev. B: Solid State, Phys. Rev. C, and Phys. Rev. D, Journal Name: Physical Review (U.S.) Superseded in part by Phys. Rev. A, Phys. Rev. B: Solid State, Phys. Rev. C, and Phys. Rev. D Vol. Vol: 134; ISSN PHRVA
- Country of Publication:
- Country unknown/Code not available
- Language:
- English
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