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U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Reclaimed water for cooling tower make-up: Concerns, monitoring and proven treatment

Conference ·
OSTI ID:376094
 [1];  [2]
  1. Betz Water Management Group, Horsham, PA (United States)
  2. Chevron USA Products Co., El Segundo, CA (United States)
The California state legislature has mandated that reclaimed water (Title 22 water) be utilized for industrial applications in order to conserve the state`s fresh water supply. Because cooling systems are typically the largest consumers of water in an industrial plant, cooling tower make-up is the most likely candidate for use of reclaimed water. Although reclaimed water potentially offers many environmental, political, and economical benefits, its use poses many challenges to the successful treatment of an industrial cooling system. This paper presents the major concerns associated with the use of reclaimed water as cooling tower make-up, identifies the required monitoring and control schemes, and discusses the treatment results at the first California oil refinery using reclaimed water (treated Title 22 water) for cooling tower make-up.
OSTI ID:
376094
Report Number(s):
CONF-960389--
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English