Source apportionment of atmospheric particles in the UK and Pakistan
- Univ. of Birmingham (United Kingdom). Inst. of Public and Environmental Health
Intensive seasonal sampling was undertaken at urban and rural locations throughout Birmingham (UK). Dichotomous Stacked Filter Units (DSFUS) were run simultaneously with hi-vol samplers. DSFU filters were analyzed for nineteen metal species, ammonium and various anions. Hi-vol samplers were modified in order to collect particulate and vapor phase PAHs by means of filter papers and polyurethane foam plugs. Eighteen PAH species were determined by reversed-phase HPLC. Filter portions were forwarded to the University of Aveiro for analysis of elemental and organic carbon. Hi-vol air sampling equipment was run at three sites in Lahore (Pakistan) for over a year. Selected metals, anions and ammonium were quantified, along with eighteen species of particle-associated PAH. Chemical source apportionment of both the Birmingham and Lahore aerosol loads was completed using multivariate analysis. Metals and anionic data were utilized, along with organic concentrations and meteorological data. This technique typically enabled six major air pollution source categories to be identified, along with the quantitative contributions of pollutant species to each source group. The combination of measurements of PAH and inorganic pollutants proved to be a far more powerful tracer of emission sources than PAH data alone. The largest contribution to aerosol mass in the coarse sized fraction in Birmingham was observed to be soil. Whereas in the fine sized fraction major contributors are vehicular/road dust followed by secondary aerosol formation plus oil combustion. Multivariate analysis of the Lahore data revealed similar source categories to those found in Birmingham. The largest contribution to aerosol mass at all three Punjabi sites was soil. This source is followed by metallurgical processes, vehicular emissions and refuse burning.
- OSTI ID:
- 367436
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9511137-; ISBN 1-880611-03-1; TRN: IM9640%%182
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 2. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) world conference, Vancouver (Canada), 5-9 Nov 1995; Other Information: PBD: 1995; Related Information: Is Part Of Second SETAC world congress (16. annual meeting): Abstract book. Global environmental protection: Science, politics, and common sense; PB: 378 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Apportionment of ambient primary and secondary fine particulate matter at the Pittsburgh National Energy Laboratory particulate matter characterization site using positive matrix factorization and a potential source contributions function analysis
Apportionment of Ambient Primary and Secondary Fine Particulate Matter at the Pittsburgh National Energy Laboratory Particulate Matter Characterization Site Using Positive Matrix Factorization and a Potential Source Contributions Function Analysis