PAH phototoxicity: Identification of sensitive marine infaunal crustaceans and the effects of alkylation
- Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, OR (United States). Hatfield Marine Science Center
The toxicity of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been shown to be greatly enhanced in the presence of UV light. The objectives of the research were to: (1) test for PAH phototoxicity using seven marine infaunal crustacean species, (2) determine if the sensitivity to PAH phototoxicity was related to their potential exposure to sunlight in nature, and (3) determine if alkylation alters PAH phototoxicity. The first objective was accomplished by exposing test species to fluoranthene in 4-day, water-only bioassays. Survivors of the tests were then exposed to UV light in an exposure chamber for one hour. The differences between EC50s (the ability to bury in sediment) before and after UV exposure were used to access phototoxicity. The results indicated that species having the greatest potential for natural exposure to sunlight were the least sensitive UV-enhanced fluoranthene toxicity. The amphipod, Rhepoxynius abronius, which in nature has the least potential for exposure to sunlight among the organisms tested, was the most sensitive. Rhepoxynius abronius was subsequently used in a series of tests to determine if alkylation of PAHs alters phototoxicity. This was done by conducting standard 10-day sediment bioassay using alkylated and unalkylated PAHs. As in the water-only tests, EC{sub 50}s were determined before and after UV light exposures. The results indicated that alkylation of PAHs, in general, did not alter phototoxicity.
- OSTI ID:
- 367434
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9511137-; ISBN 1-880611-03-1; TRN: IM9640%%180
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 2. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) world conference, Vancouver (Canada), 5-9 Nov 1995; Other Information: PBD: 1995; Related Information: Is Part Of Second SETAC world congress (16. annual meeting): Abstract book. Global environmental protection: Science, politics, and common sense; PB: 378 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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