Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells

doi:https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1391566

Title: Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells

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Abstract

Anode-supported sold oxide fuel cells with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, Sr-doped LaMnO{sub 3} (LSM) + YSZ cathode, and Ni + YSZ anode were fabricated and their performance was evaluated between 650 and 800 C with humidified hydrogen as the fuel and air as the oxidant. Maximum power densities measured were {approximately} 1.8 W/cm{sup 2} at 800 C and {approximately} 0.82 W/cm{sup 2} at 650 C. Voltage (V) vs. current density (i) traces were nonlinear; V vs. i exhibited a concave-up curvature [d{sup 2}V/di{sup 2} {ge} 0] at low values of i and a convex-up curvature [d{sup 2}V/di{sup 2} {le} 0] at higher values of i, typical of many low temperature fuel cells. Analysis of concentration polarization based on transport of gaseous species through porous electrodes, in part, is used to explain nonlinear V vs. i traces. The effects of activation polarization in the Tafel limit are also included. It is shown that in anode-supported cells, the initial concave-up curvature can be due either to activation or concentration polarization, or both. By contrast, in cathode-supported cells, the initial concave-up curvature is entirely due to activation polarization. From the experimentally observed V vs. i traces for anode-supported cells, effective binary diffusivity ofmore »« less

Authors:

Kim, J W; Virkar, A V; Fung, K Z; Mehta, K ^[1]; Singhal, S C ^[2]

Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)

Publication Date:: 1999-01-01

OSTI Identifier:: 321131

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 146; Journal Issue: 1; Other Information: PBD: Jan 1999

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION; SOLID ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS; FABRICATION; PERFORMANCE TESTING; HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS; POLARIZATION

Citation Formats


                    Kim, J W, Virkar, A V, Fung, K Z, Mehta, K, and Singhal, S C. Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells.  United States: N. p., 1999. 
        Web.  doi:10.1149/1.1391566.

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                    Kim, J W, Virkar, A V, Fung, K Z, Mehta, K, & Singhal, S C. Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1391566

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                    Kim, J W, Virkar, A V, Fung, K Z, Mehta, K, and Singhal, S C. Fri .  
        "Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1391566.

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@article{osti_321131,

  title        = {Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells},

  author       = {Kim, J W and Virkar, A V and Fung, K Z and Mehta, K and Singhal, S C},

  abstractNote = {Anode-supported sold oxide fuel cells with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, Sr-doped LaMnO{sub 3} (LSM) + YSZ cathode, and Ni + YSZ anode were fabricated and their performance was evaluated between 650 and 800 C with humidified hydrogen as the fuel and air as the oxidant. Maximum power densities measured were {approximately} 1.8 W/cm{sup 2} at 800 C and {approximately} 0.82 W/cm{sup 2} at 650 C. Voltage (V) vs. current density (i) traces were nonlinear; V vs. i exhibited a concave-up curvature [d{sup 2}V/di{sup 2} {ge} 0] at low values of i and a convex-up curvature [d{sup 2}V/di{sup 2} {le} 0] at higher values of i, typical of many low temperature fuel cells. Analysis of concentration polarization based on transport of gaseous species through porous electrodes, in part, is used to explain nonlinear V vs. i traces. The effects of activation polarization in the Tafel limit are also included. It is shown that in anode-supported cells, the initial concave-up curvature can be due either to activation or concentration polarization, or both. By contrast, in cathode-supported cells, the initial concave-up curvature is entirely due to activation polarization. From the experimentally observed V vs. i traces for anode-supported cells, effective binary diffusivity of gaseous species on the anodic side was estimated to be between {approximately} 0.1 cm{sup 2}/s at 650 C and {approximately} 0.2 cm{sup 2}/s at 800 C. The area specific resistance of the cell (ohmic part), varied between {approximately} 0.18 {Omega} cm{sup 2} at 650 C and {approximately} 0.07 {Omega} cm{sup 2} at 800 C with an activation energy of {approximately} 65 kJ/mol.},

  doi          = {10.1149/1.1391566},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/321131},
  journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
number       = 1,

  volume       = 146,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1999},

  month        = {1}

}

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