Imaginary chemical potential and finite fermion density on the lattice

Journal Article · Mon Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1999 · Physical Review, D

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.59.054502· OSTI ID:306274

Alford, M; Kapustin, A; Wilczek, F ^[1]

---

1. School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 (United States)

Standard lattice fermion algorithms run into the well-known sign problem with a real chemical potential. In this paper we investigate the possibility of using an {ital imaginary} chemical potential and argue that it has advantages over other methods, particularly for probing the physics at finite temperature as well as density. As a feasibility study, we present numerical results for the partition function of the two-dimensional Hubbard model with an imaginary chemical potential. We also note that systems with a net imbalance of isospin may be simulated using a real chemical potential that couples to I{sub 3} without suffering from the sign problem. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}

• OSTI ID: 306274
• Journal Information: Physical Review, D, Journal Name: Physical Review, D Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 59; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 0556-2821
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

66 PHYSICS
FERMIONS
HUBBARD MODEL
ISOSPIN
LATTICE FIELD THEORY
MONTE CARLO METHOD
PARTITION FUNCTIONS
QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS