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Measurement of the mean number of muons with energies above 500 GeV in air showers detected with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Journal Article · · Physical Review D
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/lrjy-3hht· OSTI ID:3025737
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We present a measurement of the mean number of muons with energies larger than 500 GeV in near-vertical extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with primary energies between 2.5 and 100 PeV. The measurement is based on events detected in coincidence between the surface and in-ice detectors of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Air showers are recorded on the surface by IceTop, while a bundle of high-energy muons (TeV muons) from the shower can subsequently produce a tracklike event in the IceCube in-ice array. Results are obtained assuming the hadronic interaction models Sibyll 2.1, QGSJet-II.04, and EPOS-LHC. The measured number of TeV muons is found to be in agreement with predictions from air-shower simulations. The results have also been compared to a measurement of low-energy muons by IceTop, indicating an inconsistency between the predictions for low- and high-energy muons in simulations based on the EPOS-LHC model.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute; Australian Research Council; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Carlsbergfondet; Chung-Ang University; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron; EGI Advanced Computing for research; European Commission; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Google Cloud Platform; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics; Helmholtz Association; Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Marquette University; Marsden Fund; Michigan State University; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; National Research Foundation of Korea; National Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Nvidia; Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure; Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research; Office of Polar Programs; Polarforskningssekretariatet; RWTH Aachen University; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing; Texas Advanced Computing Center; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); University of Maryland; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Vetenskapsrådet; Villum Fonden; Western Canada Research Grid; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
3025737
Journal Information:
Physical Review D, Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 112; ISSN 2470-0010; ISSN 2470-0029
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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