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Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies in DESI DR1: Connections to Galaxies in the Early Universe

Journal Article · · No journal information
OSTI ID:3023407
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  1. Beijing Observ.; Beijing, GUCAS
  2. Edinburgh U., Inst. Astron.
  3. University Coll. London
  4. ICE, Bellaterra; Barcelona, IEEC
  5. IAC, La Laguna; Laguna U., Tenerife
  6. Beijing Observ.
  7. IAA, Granada
  8. LBNL, Berkeley
  9. Boston U.
  10. Milan U.; Brera Observ.
  11. Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U.
  12. UNAM, Mexico
  13. Andes U., Bogota
  14. Portsmouth U., ICG; Barcelona, IEEC
  15. LBNL, Berkeley; Virginia U.
  16. Fermilab
  17. Texas U.
  18. Natl. Solar Observ., Tucson
  19. Southern Methodist U.
  20. LPNHE, Paris
  21. Barcelona, IFAE; ICREA, Barcelona
  22. Portsmouth U., ICG
  23. IRFU, Saclay; LBNL, Berkeley
  24. Waterloo U.; Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.
  25. Barcelona, Polytechnic U.
  26. Sejong U.
  27. Madrid, CIEMAT
  28. Ohio U., Athens
  29. Michigan U.; KEK, Tsukuba; Hiroshima Shudo U.
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Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies (XMPGs), defined as having metallicities below 10% of the solar value, are considered possible local analogs to primordial systems and offer a unique window into early galaxy evolution. This study presents a large-scale search for XMPGs using data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument DR1, systematically evaluating their resemblance to high-redshift galaxies. From a parent sample of over 14 million galaxies, we identify 656 (551 new) confirmed XMPGs and 767 (670 new) high-quality candidates via the direct $$T_{\mathrm{e}}$$ method. Results reveal that XMPGs follow a distinct star-forming main sequence (SFMS) that is elevated and shallower than that of the comparing star-forming galaxies. Notably, at higher stellar masses ($$M_{\star} > 10^{7.5} M_{\odot}$$), the XMPG SFMS converges with the sequence observed in high-redshift galaxies by James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), indicating that mature XMPGs sustain star formation rates comparable to their primordial counterparts. Furthermore, XMPGs consistently deviate below the local fundamental metallicity relation, mirroring high-redshift galaxy behavior. These findings demonstrate that XMPGs not only exhibit low metallicities but also preserve scaling relations characteristic of the early Universe, confirming their potential value as local laboratories for studying early galaxy formation processes.
Research Organization:
Ohio U., Athens; Milan U.; LBNL, Berkeley; Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U.; Boston U.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); ICREA, Barcelona; IAC, La Laguna; Southern Methodist U.; Portsmouth U., ICG; Beijing, GUCAS; Natl. Solar Observ., Tucson; ICE, Bellaterra; University Coll. London; UNAM, Mexico; Barcelona, Polytechnic U.; Beijing Observ.; Waterloo U.; Virginia U.; Texas U.; IRFU, Saclay; Madrid, CIEMAT; Barcelona, IFAE; Sejong U.; KEK, Tsukuba; Edinburgh U., Inst. Astron.; Laguna U., Tenerife; IAA, Granada; Barcelona, IEEC; Hiroshima Shudo U.; LPNHE, Paris; Andes U., Bogota; Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.; Brera Observ.; Michigan U.
Sponsoring Organization:
US Department of Energy
DOE Contract Number:
89243024CSC000002;
OSTI ID:
3023407
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-26-0170-PPD; oai:inspirehep.net:3128631; arXiv:2603.05934
Journal Information:
No journal information, Journal Name: No journal information
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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