PII interactions with the acetyl-CoA carboxylase subunits BADC and BCCP co-regulate lipid and nitrogen metabolism in Arabidopsis

Garneau, Matthew G.; Jorge, Gabriel Lemes; Shockey, Jay; Thelen, Jay J.; Bates, Philip D.

doi:10.1093/plphys/kiaf627

PII interactions with the acetyl-CoA carboxylase subunits BADC and BCCP co-regulate lipid and nitrogen metabolism in Arabidopsis

Journal Article · Thu Dec 04 19:00:00 EST 2025 · Plant Physiology (Bethesda)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf627· OSTI ID:3013175

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Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)
US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), New Orleans, LA (United States). Agricultural Research Service (ARS)

In plants, the initiation of fatty acid synthesis is catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), which produces malonyl-CoA. The heteromeric form of ACCase (htACCase) is a holoenzyme consisting of biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase sub-complexes, both of which are subject to extensive regulation. Biotin carboxylase activity is controlled in part by the presence of the catalytic biotin carboxyl carrier proteins (BCCP1/2) and/or the non-catalytic, non-biotinylated, biotin/lipoyl attachment domain-containing proteins (BADC1/2/3) that associate with backbone biotin carboxylase (BC) protein. However, the mechanisms regulating BADC and BCCP interactions with BC and, consequently, ACCase activity in planta, remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) regulatory protein PII modulates htACCase activity through independent interactions with BADC and BCCP proteins in a selective manner. Analysis of badc1 badc2 and badc1 badc3 mutant lines and the respective pii triple mutants revealed that changes in seed oil and protein accumulation of badc double mutants are PII/nitrogen dependent. Absolute quantification of htACCase subunits and PII in developing seeds suggests that Arabidopsis exerts tight regulation over individual protein stoichiometry to balance oil and protein accumulation. The effects on vegetative and seed development indicate that PII and BADC proteins have distinct yet overlapping roles in regulating plant metabolism.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States); Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States); Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0023142

OSTI ID:: 3013175

Journal Information:: Plant Physiology (Bethesda), Journal Name: Plant Physiology (Bethesda) Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 199; ISSN 0032-0889; ISSN 1532-2548

Publisher:: American Society of Plant BiologistsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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