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Neutrino interaction vertex reconstruction in DUNE with Pandora deep learning

Journal Article · · European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields (Online)
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  1. CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research
  2. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
  3. Universidad del Atlántico
  4. Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
  5. Georgian Technical University
  6. Brookhaven National Laboratory
  7. University of Bristol
  8. Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  9. University of Houston
  10. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  11. University of Rochester
  12. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Lecce
  13. University of Colorado Boulder
  14. Kansas State University
  15. Augustana University
  16. CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
  17. Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine
  18. Florida State University
  19. Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València
  20. Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València; University of Santiago de Compostela
  21. Argonne National Laboratory
  22. University of Liverpool
  23. University of Ferrara; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara
  24. University of Antananarivo
  25. Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisbon and
  26. Universidad de Colima
  27. University of Manchester
  28. Universidad del Magdalena
  29. University of Texas at Arlington
  30. Tel Aviv University
  31. University of Sussex
  32. Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab
  33. University of Cincinnati
  34. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
  35. Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon
  36. Universidad EIA
  37. Illinois Institute of Technology
  38. University of Oxford
  39. Indiana University
  40. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
  41. University of Warwick
  42. Institute of Nuclear Physics at Almaty
  43. University of California Irvine
  44. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara
  45. University of Vigo
  46. University of Hyderabad
  47. York University
  48. Universidade de Lisboa; Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisbon and
  49. University of Bucharest
  50. University of North Dakota
  51. Universidad de Guanajuato
  52. Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa-FCUL; Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisbon and
  53. University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  54. University College London
  55. Northern Illinois University
  56. University of Edinburgh
  57. Wellesley College
  58. Antalya Bilim University
  59. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
  60. Ohio State University
  61. South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
  62. Louisiana State University
  63. Drexel University
  64. Daresbury Laboratory
  65. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali di Pisa; Università di Pisa
  66. Università di Catania; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania
  67. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València
  68. Colorado State University
  69. Michigan State University
  70. Universidad Nacional de Asunción
  71. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Lecce; Università del Salento
  72. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova
  73. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
  74. Università di Bologna; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna
  75. University of California Davis
  76. Universidade Federal de Alfenas
  77. University of Chicago
  78. Panjab University
  79. Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
  80. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
  81. Beykent University; University of Iowa
  82. Lancaster University
  83. University of Michigan
  84. Los Alamos National Laboratory
  85. Université Paris-Saclay
  86. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; University of Insubria
  87. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Università di Milano Bicocca
  88. Universidad Católica del Norte
  89. Queen Mary University of London
  90. University of Iowa
  91. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli
  92. Università degli Studi di Genova; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova
  93. Laboratoire de Physique des Deux Infinis Bordeaux-IN2P3
  94. University of Birmingham
  95. Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad
  96. STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  97. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania
  98. University of Kansas
  99. University of Bern
  100. Wichita State University
  101. Brookhaven National Laboratory; Oregon State University
  102. University of Pittsburgh
  103. Virginia Tech
  104. Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
  105. University of California Santa Barbara
  106. University of Wisconsin Madison
  107. Royal Holloway College London
  108. Universidad Antonio Nariño
  109. University of Antioquia
  110. Universidad Sergio Arboleda
  111. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
  112. William and Mary
  113. Universtà degli Studi di Padova
  114. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna
  115. Physical Research Laboratory
  116. University of Toronto
  117. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
  118. Columbia University
  119. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
  120. University of Pennsylvania
  121. Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
  122. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali di Pisa
  123. Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie
  124. University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3
  125. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  126. Stony Brook University, SUNY
  127. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano; University of Parma
  128. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
  129. University of California Riverside
  130. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
  131. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas
  132. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
  133. University of Mississippi
  134. University of Amsterdam; Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics
  135. Northwestern University
  136. Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3
  137. Valley City State University
  138. University of Cambridge
  139. University of Hawaii
  140. Universidade Federal de São Paulo
  141. California Institute of Technology
  142. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
  143. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Roma; Sapienza University of Rome
  144. Sapienza University of Rome
  145. Iowa State University
  146. Texas A&M University
  147. University of South Carolina
  148. Rutgers University
  149. University of Sheffield
  150. Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  151. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova
  152. Rice University
  153. Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
  154. Madrid Autonoma University and IFT UAM/CSIC
  155. Czech Technical University
  156. University of Notre Dame
  157. Czech Academy of Sciences
  158. Syracuse University
  159. Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics; Radboud University
  160. Duke University
  161. Durham University
  162. University of Florida
  163. Tufts University
  164. Harish-Chandra Research Institute
  165. University of Granada and CAFPE
  166. Boston University
  167. South Dakota State University
  168. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova; Universtà degli Studi di Padova
  169. Oregon State University
  170. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Roma Tor Vergata
  171. Universidade Federal de Goias
  172. University of Santiago de Compostela
  173. University of Minnesota Duluth
  174. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Fluminense Federal University
  175. University of California Berkeley; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  176. University of Warsaw
  177. University of Puerto Rico
  178. Chung-Ang University
  179. Yale University
  180. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; York University
  181. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
  182. Sanford Underground Research Facility
  183. Dordt University
  184. Iwate University
  185. Yerevan Institute for Theoretical Physics and Modeling
  186. University of Albany, SUNY
  187. Jackson State University
  188. University of Novi Sad
  189. Columbia University; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
  190. Royal Holloway College London; STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  191. Erciyes University
  192. Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics
  193. Jawaharlal Nehru University
  194. University of Texas at Austin
  195. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano; Università degli Studi di Milano
  196. University of California Berkeley; Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  197. Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica
  198. Queen Mary University of London; University College London
  199. University of Athens
  200. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia; Università degli Studi di Pavia
  201. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Tufts University
  202. Pennsylvania State University
  203. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia; Università degli Studi di Pavia
  204. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav)
  205. Universidade Federal do ABC
  206. Eötvös Loránd University
  207. University of Lucknow
  208. Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine; University of Manchester
  209. CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
  210. Comisión Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Aeroespacial; Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
  211. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
  212. University of Ferrara
  213. CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova
  214. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer
  215. Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Iowa State University
  216. CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research; Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie
  217. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; University of Wisconsin Madison
  218. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano
  219. Gran Sasso Science Institute
  220. University of Arizona
  221. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia
  222. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Oregon State University
  223. Punjab Agricultural University
  224. Jeonbuk National University
  225. Central University of South Bihar
  226. Czech Academy of Sciences; Czech Technical University
  227. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
  228. Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University
  229. National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)
  230. Texas A& M University-Corpus Christi
  231. University of Medellín
  232. Idaho State University
  233. Antalya Bilim University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  234. Erciyes University; University of Iowa
  235. Jyväskylä University
  236. University of California Irvine; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
  237. Comisión Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Aeroespacial
  238. Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
  239. University of California Los Angeles
  240. Chinese Academy of Sciences
  241. University of Oxford; STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  242. STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; University of Sussex
  243. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
  244. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
+ Show Author Affiliations
The Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries perform reconstruction of neutrino interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, which will operate four large-scale liquid argon time projection chambers at the far detector site in South Dakota, producing high-resolution images of charged particles emerging from neutrino interactions. While these high-resolution images provide excellent opportunities for physics, the complex topologies require sophisticated pattern recognition capabilities to interpret signals from the detectors as physically meaningful objects that form the inputs to physics analyses. A critical component is the identification of the neutrino interaction vertex. Subsequent reconstruction algorithms use this location to identify the individual primary particles and ensure they each result in a separate reconstructed particle. A new vertex-finding procedure described in this article integrates a U-ResNet neural network performing hit-level classification into the multi-algorithm approach used by Pandora to identify the neutrino interaction vertex. The machine learning solution is seamlessly integrated into a chain of pattern-recognition algorithms. The technique substantially outperforms the previous BDT-based solution, with a more than 20% increase in the efficiency of sub-1 cm vertex reconstruction across all neutrino flavours.
Research Organization:
Boston University, MA (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); California Institute of Technology; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States); Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States); University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
Contributing Organization:
DUNE Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
89243024CSC000002; AC02-07CH11359; SC0007859; SC0008475; SC0009913; SC0009920; SC0010005; SC0011925; SC0012704; SC0015628; SC0025360
OSTI ID:
3012202
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2514438
OSTI ID: 2587808
OSTI ID: 2572821
OSTI ID: 3006119
OSTI ID: 3008565
OSTI ID: 3009147
OSTI ID: 3007577
OSTI ID: 3010695
OSTI ID: 3011093
OSTI ID: 3010368
OSTI ID: 2860540
Report Number(s):
BNL--228194-2025-JAAM; BNL--228867-2025-JAAM; FERMILAB-PUB--25-0037-LBNF
Journal Information:
European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields (Online), Journal Name: European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields (Online) Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 85; ISSN 1434-6052
Publisher:
Springer NatureCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (16)

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Geant4—a simulation toolkit
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Particle flow calorimetry and the PandoraPFA algorithm journal November 2009
The GENIE neutrino Monte Carlo generator
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journal February 2010
Performance of particle flow calorimetry at CLIC
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journal February 2013
Recent developments in Geant4
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journal November 2016
Ionization electron signal processing in single phase LArTPCs. Part I. Algorithm Description and quantitative evaluation with MicroBooNE simulation journal July 2018
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition conference June 2016
Geant4 developments and applications journal February 2006
The Pandora software development kit for pattern recognition journal September 2015
Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment: DUNE Collaboration journal October 2020
Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora journal July 2023
Measurement of the absolute efficiency of the X-ARAPUCA photon detector for the DUNE Far Detector 1 journal October 2024
Nouvelles applications des paramètres continus à la théorie des formes quadratiques. Premier mémoire. Sur quelques propriétés des formes quadratiques positives parfaites. journal January 1908
Nouvelles applications des paramètres continus à la théorie des formes quadratiques. Deuxième mémoire. Recherches sur les parallélloèdres primitifs. journal July 1908
The GENIE Neutrino Monte Carlo Generator: Physics and User Manual report October 2015

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