Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Plutonium and Other Tetravalent Metals Complexed to a Keggin Ion

Bustos, Jenna; Colliard, Ian; Stavila, Vitalie; Kaseman, Derrick C.; Colla, Christopher A.; Nyman, May; Deblonde, Gauthier J.-P.

doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c03627

Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Plutonium and Other Tetravalent Metals Complexed to a Keggin Ion

Journal Article · Fri Nov 07 00:00:00 EST 2025 · Inorganic Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c03627· OSTI ID:3003811

Bustos, Jenna ^[1]; Colliard, Ian ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[4]; ^[2]

Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)

Here, we report the isolation of the first plutonium(IV) complex with a Keggin ion chelator: Cs₂₀[Pu(PW₁₁O₃₉)₂]₂·13H₂O. Single crystal XRD and solid-state UV–vis absorbance analysis demonstrate the stabilization of Pu⁴⁺ by the Keggin ligand. The unit cell contains two [Pu(PW₁₁O₃₉)₂]^10– complexes (Pu(PW₁₁)₂) bridged by Cs⁺. Raman and ³¹P NMR spectra of Pu(PW₁₁)₂ are consistent with the analogous Zr⁴⁺, Hf⁴⁺, Ce⁴⁺, and Th⁴⁺ complexes. The Pu–O bond distances at the two Pu sites are 2.35(3) and 2.34(3) Å, matching the value extrapolated from the bonding trend built with the other 8-coordinated tetravalent cations. However, the long-range arrangement of the Pu(PW₁₁)₂ complexes within the lattice is unique in the series of M^IV(PW₁₁)₂ compounds: pairs of Pu(PW₁₁)₂ are organized perpendicular to each other. Based on solution-state UV–visible absorbance, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and ³¹P NMR, the tetravalent cations quantitatively form the 1:2 species in solution ([Pu(PW₁₁O₃₉)₂]^10–_(aq)) and no 1:1 species ([Pu(PW₁₁O₃₉)(H₂O)_x]^3–_(aq)). Finally, a linear correlation exists between the metal–oxygen distances in the M^IV(PW₁₁)₂ compounds and the corresponding metal dioxides, allowing for extrapolation for Pa⁴⁺, Am⁴⁺, and Bk⁴⁺. The results indicate that our microscale POM approach represents a viable pathway to probe properties of rare actinide ions in discrete molecules, beyond the traditional oxide extended solids.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 3003811

Report Number(s):: LLNL--JRNL-2009847

Journal Information:: Inorganic Chemistry, Journal Name: Inorganic Chemistry; ISSN 0020-1669; ISSN 1520-510X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (70)

Potassium Octadecatungstodiphosphates(V) and Related Lacunary Compounds Contant, Roland; Klemperer, Walter G.; Yaghi, Omar Inorganic Syntheses, Vol. 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470132586.ch18	other	December 2006
The Structure of the Plutonium Oxide Nanocluster [Pu38O56Cl54(H2O)8]14− Soderholm, L.; Almond, Philip M.; Skanthakumar, S. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 47, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200704420	journal	January 2008
Neptunium Diverges Sharply from Uranium and Plutonium in Crystalline Borate Matrixes: Insights into the Complex Behavior of the Early Actinides Relevant to Nuclear Waste Storage Wang, Shuao; Alekseev, Evgeny V.; Ling, Jie Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 49, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200906127	journal	January 2010
Separation of Plutonium Oxide Nanoparticles and Colloids Wilson, Richard E.; Skanthakumar, S.; Soderholm, L. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 50, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201105624	journal	September 2011
A Novel Metastable Pentavalent Plutonium Solid Phase on the Pathway from Aqueous Plutonium(VI) to PuO ₂ Nanoparticles Kvashnina, Kristina O.; Romanchuk, Anna Yu.; Pidchenko, Ivan Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201911637	journal	December 2019
Spatiotemporal Studies of Soluble Inorganic Nanostructures with X‐rays and Neutrons Yin, Jia‐Fu; Amidani, Lucia; Chen, Jiadong Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 63, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202310953	journal	October 2023
Solid-State Structure of Tris-Cyclopentadienide Uranium(III) and Plutonium(III) Apostolidis, Christos; Dutkiewicz, Michał S.; Kovács, Attila Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 24, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201704845	journal	December 2017
Extension of the Plutonium Oxide Nanocluster Family to Include {Pu ₁₆ } and {Pu ₂₂ } Sigmon, Ginger E.; Hixon, Amy E. Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 25, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201805605	journal	January 2019
How Does Iron Storage Protein Ferritin Interact with Plutonium (and Thorium)? Zurita, Cyril; Tsushima, Satoru; Bresson, Carole Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 27, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202003653	journal	December 2020
Preparation of rare metallic actinides (248Cm,249Bk,249Cf) and investigation of their crystal structure Seleznev, A. G.; Radchenko, V. M.; Shushakov, V. D. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles, Vol. 143, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02117566	journal	November 1990
On the californium oxide system Baybarz, R. D.; Haire, R. G.; Fahey, J. A. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 34, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1902(72)80435-4	journal	February 1972
Neptunium compounds under high pressure Benedict, U.; Dabos, S.; Dufour, C. Journal of the Less Common Metals, Vol. 121 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(86)90563-1	journal	July 1986
Low temperature lattice expansion of americium dioxide Benedict, U.; Dufour, C. Physica B+C, Vol. 102, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4363(80)90178-3	journal	October 1980
Small-angle X-ray scattering to determine solution speciation of metal-oxo clusters Nyman, May Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 352 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2016.11.014	journal	December 2017
Recent developments in nonaqueous plutonium coordination chemistry Gaunt, Andrew J.; Neu, Mary P. Comptes Rendus Chimie, Vol. 13, Issue 6-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2010.06.004	journal	June 2010
A Single Small-Scale Plutonium Redox Reaction System Yields Three Crystallographically-Characterizable Organoplutonium Complexes Windorff, Cory J.; Sperling, Joseph M.; Albrecht-Schönzart, Thomas E. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 59, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01671	journal	September 2020
Contrasting Trivalent Lanthanide and Actinide Complexation by Polyoxometalates via Solution-State NMR Colla, Christopher A.; Colliard, Ian; Sawvel, April M. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 62, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04014	journal	December 2022
Stabilization of Pu(IV) in PuBr₄(OPCy₃)₂ and Comparisons with Structurally Similar ThX₄(OPR₃)₂ (R = Cy, Ph) Molecules Windorff, Cory J.; Goodwin, Conrad A. P.; Sperling, Joseph M. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 62, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02575	journal	October 2023
From +I to +IV, Alkalis to Actinides: Capturing Cations across the Periodic Table with Keggin Polyoxometalate Ligands Colliard, Ian; Deblonde, Gauthier J. -P. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 63, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02254	journal	August 2024
Breaking the Neptunyl Barrier: Direct Access to Neptunium(IV) in Aqueous Solution via Polyoxometalate-Mediated Reduction and Stabilization Hastings, Ashley M.; Colliard, Ian; Kaseman, Derrick C. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 64, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c02949	journal	September 2025
Vacancy Generation and Oxygen Uptake in Cu-Doped Pr-CeO₂ Materials using Neutron and in Situ X-ray Diffraction D’Angelo, Anita M.; Webster, Nathan A. S.; Chaffee, Alan L. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 55, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01499	journal	December 2016
Sol–Gel Synthesis of High-Purity Actinide Oxide ThO₂ and Its Solid Solutions with Technologically Important Tin and Zinc Ions Tripathi, Vikash Kumar; Nagarajan, Rajamani Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 55, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02086	journal	December 2016
Evaluation of Point Group Symmetry in Lanthanide(III) Complexes: A New Implementation of a Continuous Symmetry Operation Measure with Autonomous Assignment of the Principal Axis Nielsen, Villads R. M.; Le Guennic, Boris; Sørensen, Thomas Just The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 128, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00801	journal	June 2024
The Structure and Synthesis of Plutonium(III) Chlorides from Aqueous Solution Wilson, Richard E.; Almond, Philip M.; Burns, Peter C. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 45, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic060979a	journal	October 2006
Comparisons of Pu(IV) and Ce(IV) Diphosphonates Diwu, Juan; Nelson, Anna-Gay D.; Wang, Shuao Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 49, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic100184q	journal	April 2010
Surprising Coordination for Plutonium in the First Plutonium(III) Borate Wang, Shuao; Alekseev, Evgeny V.; Depmeier, Wulf Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 50, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic200064n	journal	March 2011
Plutonium Transport in the Environment Kersting, Annie B. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 52, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic3018908	journal	June 2012
Stabilization of Plutonium(III) in the Preyssler Polyoxometalate Antonio, Mark R.; Chiang, Ming-Hsi Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 47, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic8008893	journal	September 2008
Neutron Diffraction Study of the in Situ Oxidation of UO ₂ Desgranges, Lionel; Baldinozzi, Gianguido; Rousseau, Gurvan Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 48, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic9000889	journal	August 2009
Synthesis and Structural Examination of Complexes of Am(IV) and Other Tetravalent Actinides with Lacunary Heteropolyanion α ₂ -P ₂ W ₁₇ O ₆₁ ¹⁰⁻ Sokolova, Marina N.; Fedosseev, Alexander M.; Andreev, Grigory B. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 48, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic900710c	journal	October 2009
A new structural type for heteropoly anions. The crystal structure of (NH4)2H6(CeMo12O42).12H2O Dexter, David D.; Silverton, J. V. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 90, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01015a067	journal	June 1968
The Preparation of Some Protactinium Compounds and the Metal ¹ Sellers, Philip A.; Fried, Sherman; Elson, Robert E. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 76, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01652a011	journal	December 1954
Advancement of Actinide Metal–Organic Framework Chemistry via Synthesis of Pu-UiO-66 Hastings, Ashley M.; Ray, Debmalya; Jeong, WooSeok Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 142, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c01895	journal	April 2020
MOFs with 12-Coordinate 5f-Block Metal Centers Lv, Kai; Urbank, Christian; Patzschke, Michael Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 144, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c13127	journal	February 2022
Carbene Complexes of Plutonium: Structure, Bonding, and Divergent Reactivity to Lanthanide Analogs Murillo, Jesse; Seed, John A.; Wooles, Ashley J. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 146, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c12719	journal	February 2024
Identification of the Formal +2 Oxidation State of Plutonium: Synthesis and Characterization of {Pu ^II [C ₅ H ₃ (SiMe ₃ ) ₂ ] ₃ } ⁻ Windorff, Cory J.; Chen, Guo P.; Cross, Justin N. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b00706	journal	March 2017
Polyoxometalate Ligands Reveal Different Coordination Chemistries Among Lanthanides and Heavy Actinides Colliard, Ian; Deblonde, Gauthier J. -P. JACS Au, Vol. 4, Issue 7, p. 2503-2513 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.4c00245	journal	May 2024
Incipient class II mixed valency in a plutonium solid-state compound Cary, Samantha K.; Galley, Shane S.; Marsh, Matthew L. Nature Chemistry, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2777	journal	May 2017
An iron-dependent and transferrin-mediated cellular uptake pathway for plutonium Jensen, Mark P.; Gorman-Lewis, Drew; Aryal, Baikuntha Nature Chemical Biology, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.594	journal	June 2011
Polyoxometalates as ligands to synthesize, isolate and characterize compounds of rare isotopes on the microgram scale Colliard, Ian; Lee, Jonathan R. I.; Colla, Christopher A. Nature Chemistry, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-022-01018-8	journal	September 2022
Ultrafiltration separation of Am(VI)-polyoxometalate from lanthanides Zhang, Hailong; Li, Ao; Li, Kai Nature, Vol. 616, Issue 7957 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05840-z	journal	April 2023
Luminescence in CeIV polyoxometalate [Ce(W₅O₁₈)₂]⁸⁻: a combined experimental and theoretical study Roy, Lindsay E.; Ortiz-Acosta, Denisse; Batista, Enrique R. Chemical Communications, Vol. 46, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/B926660G	journal	January 2010
Origins of the odd optical observables in plutonium and americium tungstates Cross, Justin N.; Lee, Tsung-Han; Kang, Chang-Jong Chemical Science, Vol. 10, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SC01174A	journal	January 2019
First observation of [Pu₆(OH)₄O₄]¹²⁺ cluster during the hydrolytic formation of PuO₂ nanoparticles using H/D kinetic isotope effect Cot-Auriol, Manon; Virot, Matthieu; Dumas, Thomas Chemical Communications, Vol. 58, Issue 94 https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CC04990B	journal	January 2022
Synthesis and multi-scale properties of PuO₂ nanoparticles: recent advances and open questions Virot, Matthieu; Dumas, Thomas; Cot-Auriol, Manon Nanoscale Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NA00306F	journal	January 2022
Chronicles of plutonium peroxides: spectroscopic characterization of a new peroxo compound of Pu(iv) Margate, Julien; Bayle, Simon; Dumas, Thomas Chemical Communications, Vol. 60, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CC01186D	journal	January 2024
Characterization of the first Peacock–Weakley polyoxometalate containing a transplutonium element: curium bis-pentatungstate [Cm(W₅O₁₈)₂]⁹⁻ Colliard, Ian; Deblonde, Gauthier J. -P. Chemical Communications, Vol. 60, Issue 47, p. 5999-6002 https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CC01381F	journal	May 2024
Isolation of a new polyoxometalate complex of plutonium Colliard, Ian; Stavila, Vitalie; Deblonde, Gauthier J. -P. Chemical Communications, Vol. 61, Issue 63 https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CC03481G	journal	January 2025
Probing the 5f electrons in a plutonyl(vi) cluster complex Copping, Roy; Talbot-Eeckelaers, Catherine; Collison, David Dalton Transactions, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1039/b908648j	journal	January 2009
Receptor recognition of transferrin bound to lanthanides and actinides: a discriminating step in cellular acquisition of f-block metals Deblonde, Gauthier J. -P.; Sturzbecher-Hoehne, Manuel; Mason, Anne B. Metallomics, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3mt20237b	journal	January 2013
Heteropolytungstate complexes of the lanthanide elements. Part I. Preparation and reactions Peacock, R. D.; Weakley, T. J. R. Journal of the Chemical Society A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical https://doi.org/10.1039/j19710001836	journal	January 1971
X-ray diffraction "fingerprinting" of DNA structure in solution for quantitative evaluation of molecular dynamics simulation Zuo, X.; Cui, G.; Merz, K. M. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 103, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0600022103	journal	February 2006
Siderocalin-mediated recognition, sensitization, and cellular uptake of actinides Allred, Benjamin E.; Rupert, Peter B.; Gauny, Stacey S. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508902112	journal	August 2015
The Structure and Formula of 12-Phosphotungstic Acid Keggin, J. F. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 144, Issue 851 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1934.0035	journal	March 1934
The crystal structure of H ₃PW₁₂O₄₀. 29H₂O Bradley, Albert James; Illingworth, J. W. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 157, Issue 890, p. 113-131 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1936.0183	journal	September 1936
Radioactive Element 94 from Deuterons on Uranium Seaborg, G. T.; Mcmillan, E. M.; Kennedy, J. W. Physical Review, Vol. 69, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.69.366.2	journal	April 1946
Low-temperature polymorphs of Zr O 2 and Hf O 2 : A density-functional theory study Jaffe, John E.; Bachorz, Rafał A.; Gutowski, Maciej Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.144107	journal	October 2005
New hermetic sample holder for radioactive materials fitting to Siemens D5000 and Bruker D8 X-ray diffractometers: application to the Rietveld analysis of plutonium dioxide Belin, Renaud C.; Valenza, Philippe J.; Reynaud, Muriel A. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 37, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889804022885	journal	November 2004
OLEX2 : a complete structure solution, refinement and analysis program Dolomanov, Oleg V.; Bourhis, Luc J.; Gildea, Richard J. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 42, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889808042726	journal	January 2009
Irena : tool suite for modeling and analysis of small-angle scattering Ilavsky, Jan; Jemian, Peter R. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 42, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889809002222	journal	February 2009
Small-angle scattering. Information content and error analysis Moore, P. B. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S002188988001179X	journal	April 1980
A short history of SHELX Sheldrick, George M. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 64, Issue 1, p. 112-122 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108767307043930	journal	December 2007
The structure of the 9(18)-heteropoly anion in potassium 9(18)-tungstophosphate, K₆(P₂W₁₈O₆₂).14H₂O Dawson, B. Acta Crystallographica, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X53000466	journal	February 1953
Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides Shannon, R. D. Acta Crystallographica Section A, Vol. 32, Issue 5, p. 751-767 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0567739476001551	journal	September 1976
The geometry of polyhedral distortions. Predictive relationships for the phosphate group Baur, W. H. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, Vol. 30, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0567740874004560	journal	May 1974
Recent developments in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database: theoretical crystal structure data and related features Zagorac, D.; Müller, H.; Ruehl, S. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 52, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1107/S160057671900997X	journal	September 2019
The Cambridge Structural Database Groom, Colin R.; Bruno, Ian J.; Lightfoot, Matthew P. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials, Vol. 72, Issue 2, p. 171-179 https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052520616003954	journal	April 2016
SHELXT – Integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination Sheldrick, George M. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 71, Issue 1, p. 3-8 https://doi.org/10.1107/S2053273314026370	journal	January 2015
Synthesis and structure of dodecamolybdates of tetravalent cerium, thorium, uranium, neptunium, and plutonium Charushnikova, I. A.; Gogolev, A. V.; Grigor’ev, M. S. Radiochemistry, Vol. 58, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1134/S1066362216050039	journal	September 2016
NMR nomenclature. Nuclear spin properties and conventions for chemical shifts(IUPAC Recommendations 2001) Harris, Robin K.; Becker, Edwin D.; Cabral de Menezes, Sonia M. Pure and Applied Chemistry, Vol. 73, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173111795	journal	January 2001

Similar Records

Breaking the Neptunyl Barrier: Direct Access to Neptunium(IV) in Aqueous Solution via Polyoxometalate-Mediated Reduction and Stabilization

Journal Article · Thu Sep 04 20:00:00 EDT 2025 · Inorganic Chemistry · OSTI ID:2999043

Photocatalytic degradation of dye naphthol blue black in the presence of zirconia-supported Ti-substituted Keggin-type polyoxometalates

Journal Article · Sun Feb 01 23:00:00 EST 2004 · Materials Research Bulletin · OSTI ID:20888019

A mixed valent Keggin polyoxometallate involving molybdenum and tungsten

Journal Article · Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1995 · Materials Research Bulletin · OSTI ID:105963

Related Subjects

and nuclear chemistry
radiochemistry
Chemistry - Radiation chemistry

Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Plutonium and Other Tetravalent Metals Complexed to a Keggin Ion

Citation Formats

References (70)

Similar Records

Related Subjects