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Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition of active wake mixing dynamics in a stable atmospheric boundary layer

Journal Article · · Wind Energy Science (Online)

Recent advancements in the use of active wake mixing (AWM) to reduce wake effects on downstream turbines open new avenues for increasing power generation in wind farms. However, a better understanding of the fluid dynamics underlying AWM is still needed to make wake mixing a reliable strategy for wind farm flow control. In this work, a spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) is used to analyze the dynamics of coherent flow structures that are induced in the wake through blade pitch actuation. The data are generated using the ExaWind software suite to perform large eddy simulations of an NREL 2.8 MW turbine operating in a stable atmospheric boundary layer. SPOD tracks the modal behavior of flow structures from their generation in the turbine induction field through their growth in the near-wake region and to their subsequent evolution and energy transfers in the far wake. SPOD is shown to be a useful tool in the context of AWM because it translates the wavenumber and frequency inputs to the turbine controller to structures in the wake. A decomposition of the radial shear stress flux in the wake is also developed using SPOD to measure the contribution of coherent flow structures to mean flow turbulent entrainment and wake recovery. The effectiveness of AWM is connected to its ability to excite inherent structures in the wake of the turbine that arise using baseline controls. The effects of AWM on blade loading are also analyzed by connecting the axial force along the blade to the SPOD analysis of the turbine induction field. Lastly, the performance of different AWM strategies is demonstrated in a two-turbine array.

Research Organization:
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Wind Energy Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Water Power Technologies Office
Grant/Contract Number:
NA0003525; AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
3003015
Report Number(s):
SAND--2025-14138J; 1765954
Journal Information:
Wind Energy Science (Online), Journal Name: Wind Energy Science (Online) Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 10; ISSN 2366-7451
Publisher:
Copernicus PublicationsCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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